Ultrasound

Functional neuroimaging modalities are crucial for understanding brain function, but their clinical use is challenging. Recently, the use of ultrasonic plane waves transmitted at ultrafast frame rates was shown to allow for the spatiotemporal identification of brain activation through neurovascular coupling in rodents. Using a customized flexible and noninvasive headmount, we demonstrate in human neonates that real-time functional ultrasound imaging (fUSI) is feasible by combining simultaneous continuous video-electroencephalography (EEG) recording and ultrafast Doppler (UfD) imaging of the brain microvasculature...

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study is to evaluate and report the feasibility, safety, and initial outcomes of patients with limited localized prostate cancer treated using a trans-rectal magnetic resonance image-guided focused ultrasound (MRGFUS) device. Attempts to focally treat only the index lesion for prostate cancer have been explored to reduce side effects while maintaining oncologic control. MRGFUS allows for precise targeting of thermal ablative therapy with real-time thermometry...

The present work evaluates the performance of ultrasound based sterilization approaches for processing of different fruit and vegetable juices in terms of microbial growth and changes in the quality parameters during the storage. Comparison with the conventional thermal processing has also been presented. A novel approach based on combination of ultrasound with ultraviolet irradiation and crude extract of essential oil from orange peels has been used for the first time. Identification of the microbial growth (total bacteria and yeast content) in the juices during the subsequent storage and assessing the safety for human consumption along with the changes in the quality parameters (Brix, titratable acidity, pH, ORP, salt, conductivity, TSS and TDS) has been investigated in details...

Quantitative ultrasound (QUS) is a promising technique for bone tissue evaluation. Highly focused transducers used for QUS also have the capability to be applied for tissue-regenerative purposes and can provide spatially limited deposition of acoustic energy. We describe a focused low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (FLIPUS) system, which has been developed for the stimulation of cell monolayers in the defocused far field of the transducer through the bottom of the well plate. Tissue culture well plates, carrying the cells, were incubated in a special chamber, immersed in a temperature-controlled water tank...

Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) has demonstrated its positive effects on osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells and the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts, negative effects on osteoclast growth, and promotion of angiogenesis, leading to improvement of the tissue perfusion. Heat-shock proteins (HSPs) are initially identified as molecules encouraged and expressed by heat stress or chemical stress to cells and involved in the balance between differentiation and apoptosis of osteoblasts...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) as a treatment for erectile dysfunction (ED) in a rat model of type I diabetes mellitus (DM) induced by streptozotocin (STZ). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seventy male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to 2 cohorts: a normal control (NC) group and an STZ-induced DM group, which was further subdivided into DM, DM+LIPUS 100, DM+LIPUS 200, and DM+LIPUS 300 groups and a DM+LESWT (low-energy shock wave therapy) 300 positive control group...

Supercoiling DNA (folding DNA into a more compact molecule) from open circular forms requires significant bending energy. The double helix is coiled into a higher order helix form; thus it occupies a smaller footprint. Compact packing of DNA is essential to improve the efficiency of gene delivery, which has broad implications in biology and pharmaceutical research. Here we show that low-intensity pulsed ultrasound can pack open circular DNA into supercoil form. Plasmid DNA subjected to 5.4 mW/cm(2) intensity ultrasound showed significant (p-values <0...