Carlo Perricone, Mathilde Versini, Dana Ben-Ami, Smadar Gertel, Abdulla Watad, Michael J Segel, Fulvia Ceccarelli, Fabrizio Conti, Luca Cantarini, Dimitrios P Bogdanos, Alessandro Antonelli, Howard Amital, Guido Valesini, Yehuda Shoenfeld
The association between smoke habit and autoimmunity has been hypothesized a long time ago. Smoke has been found to play a pathogenic role in certain autoimmune disease as it may trigger the development of autoantibodies and act on pathogenic mechanism possibly related with an imbalance of the immune system. Indeed, both epidemiological studies and animal models have showed the potential deleterious effect caused by smoke. For instance, smoke, by provoking oxidative stress, may contribute to lupus disease by dysregulating DNA demethylation, upregulating immune genes, thereby leading to autoreactivity...
April 2016: Autoimmunity Reviews