Tavi

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Clinical trials in transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) have been essential in establishing the effectiveness as well as the limitations of this exciting and disruptive technology. This review will focus on clinical trials related to TAVR that have been presented in the past year or are currently enrolling, as well as future trials that are in the planning stages. RECENT FINDINGS: The currently available devices have gone through iterations to improve safety and outcomes, including lower profiles to reduce bleeding complications as well as adding a sealing skirt or allowing for re-positioning in order to decrease para-valvular regurgitation and need for a permanent pacemaker...

Admission to the intensive care unit (ICU) is a standard of care after transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI); however, the improvement of the procedure and the need to minimize the unnecessary use of medical resources call into question this strategy. We evaluated prospectively 177 consecutive patients who underwent TAVI. Low-risk patients, admitted to conventional cardiology units, had stable clinical state, transfemoral access, no right bundle branch block, permanent pacing with a self-expandable valve, and no complication occurring during the procedure...

BACKGROUND: Transcatheter aortic valve implantation has become an option for high-surgical-risk patients with aortic valve disease. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the in-hospital and one-year follow-up outcomes of transcatheter aortic valve implantation. METHODS: Prospective cohort study of transcatheter aortic valve implantation cases from July 2009 to February 2015. Analysis of clinical and procedural variables, correlating them with in-hospital and one-year mortality...

Objective. The use of the axillary artery as an access site has lost favor in percutaneous intervention due to the success of these procedures from a radial or brachial alternative. However, these distal access points are unable to safely accommodate anything larger than a 7-French sheath. To date no studies exist describing the size of the axillary artery in relation to the common femoral artery in a patient population. We hypothesized that the axillary artery is of comparable size to the CFA in most patients and less frequently diseased...

OBJECTIVES: This study evaluated the results of transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) in bicuspid aortic stenosis (AS) using a new-generation TAVR device. BACKGROUND: A bicuspid AS is often considered a relative contraindication to TAVR. Although initial reports have demonstrated feasibility using early-generation devices, outcomes have not matched those seen with tricuspid AS. Paravalvular aortic regurgitation (AR) has been particularly problematic. METHODS: We collected baseline characteristics, procedural data, and 30-day clinical follow-up findings from 8 centers in Europe and Canada that had performed TAVR in bicuspid AS using the SAPIEN 3 valve...

BACKGROUND: Patients with severe aortic stenosis (AS) and previous coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery have increased risk for aortic valve replacement. Whether surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) or transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) offers better outcomes in this population is unclear. We aimed to assess outcomes of TAVR and SAVR in patients with previous CABG. METHODS: A systematic literature search of Medline, EMBASE and Cochrane library was conducted...

Multidetector cardiac computerized tomography (CT) is a robust advanced imaging modality with high spatial resolution that has emerged as an essential tool for the planning of structural heart and electrophysiology interventions. The most notable example has been its important role in the pre-procedural planning of transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR), which has developed to the point that commercial software packages are commonly used for this application. More recently several novel approaches and devices have been developed for transcatheter mitral valve replacement (TMVR)...

Bicuspid aortic stenosis (BAS) has been excluded in clinical trials on transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) due to the presumed uneven expansion of the aortic prosthesis, leading to significant paravalvular regurgitation (PVR). There is no transcatheter heart valve (THV) commercially approved for treating BAS. The Lotus Valve System mitigates PVR by possessing an adaptive seal and being fully re-positionable. The latter is also important in preventing embolization, as the location of prosthesis fixation in BAS could be variable due to the presence of less expandable raphe...

BACKGROUND: Vascular complications (VC) are a serious and frequent complication of transfemoral transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) and result in increased morbidity and mortality. It has been suggested that newly developed vascular sheaths may increase the ability to perform transfemoral TAVI in patients with normal and access-limiting peripheral artery disease (PAD) and reduce vascular complications. AIMS: We sought to assess the safety and efficacy of the 19 French (F) SoloPath balloon-expandable transfemoral vascular access system in patients who underwent transfemoral TAVI at our center between 2011 and 2014...

Transcatheter aortic valve implantation was introduced into clinical practice in 2002 as a rescue approach in patients presenting with symptomatic severe aortic stenosis but not eligible for conventional aortic valve replacement. This technique allows implantation of a balloon expandable bioprosthesis without resection of the native aortic valve. Several complications are described as a consequence of the residual highly calcified valve being squeezed against the aortic wall by the stent of the implant. This can result in deformation of the metal stent and paravalvular leakage, risk of occlusion of the coronary ostia, or central and peripheral embolization of valvular debris...

It is unclear if surgical exposure confers a risk advantage compared with a percutaneous approach for patients undergoing endovascular procedures requiring large-bore femoral artery access. From the randomized controlled Placement of Aortic Transcatheter Valve trials A and B and the continued access registries, a total of 1,416 patients received transfemoral transcatheter aortic valve replacement, of which 857 underwent surgical, and 559 underwent percutaneous access. Thirty-day rates of major vascular complications and quality of life scores were assessed...

BACKGROUND: In addition to favourable results regarding mortality and morbidity it is important to identify the impact transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) has on patients' quality of life. AIMS: The aims were: (i) to describe clinical characteristics, self-reported health and quality of life in octogenarians before TAVI intervention; (ii) to determine changes in self-reported health and quality of life one month after TAVI; and (iii) to establish the clinical importance of the findings...

OBJECTIVES: To identify potential predictors for ventricular conduction delay and to evaluate the impact of interventricular dyssynchrony on mortality after implantation of a balloon-expandable aortic valve (BEV). METHODS AND RESULTS: Clinical, computertomographical (CT), and electrocardiographical (ECG) data from 225 transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) patients were analyzed. Procedures were performed between May 2010 and September 2013 via transfemoral access using a BEV...

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BACKGROUND: Previous trials have shown that among high-risk patients with aortic stenosis, survival rates are similar with transcatheter aortic-valve replacement (TAVR) and surgical aortic-valve replacement. We evaluated the two procedures in a randomized trial involving intermediate-risk patients. METHODS: We randomly assigned 2032 intermediate-risk patients with severe aortic stenosis, at 57 centers, to undergo either TAVR or surgical replacement. The primary end point was death from any cause or disabling stroke at 2 years...

Aortic stenosis (AS) is one of the most common valvular diseases encountered in clinical practice. Current guidelines recommend aortic valve replacement (AVR) when the aortic valve is severely stenotic and the patient is symptomatic; however, a substantial proportion of patients with severe AS are asymptomatic at the time of first diagnosis. Although specific morphological valve features, exercise testing, stress imaging, and biomarkers can help to identify patients with asymptomatic severe AS who may benefit from early AVR, the optimal management of these patients remains uncertain and controversial...

BACKGROUND: In patients with severe aortic stenosis at increased risk for surgery, self-expanding transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is associated with improved 2-year survival compared with surgery. OBJECTIVES: This study sought to determine whether this clinical benefit was sustained over time. METHODS: Patients with severe aortic stenosis deemed at increased risk for surgery by a multidisciplinary heart team were randomized 1:1 to TAVR or open surgical valve replacement (SAVR)...

BACKGROUND: There are few African data available on rheumatic heart disease (RHD). AIM: To provide data on the clinical characteristics and treatment of patients with RHD hospitalized in sub-Saharan Africa. METHODS: The VALVAFRIC study is a multicentre hospital-based retrospective registry of patients with RHD hospitalized in African cardiology departments from 2004 to 2008. RESULTS: Among 3441 patients with at least one mild RHD lesion seen on echocardiography in 5 years in 12 cardiology departments from seven countries, 1385 had severe lesions (502 men; 803 women; mean age 29...

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to determine the safety and effectiveness of the SAPIEN XT versus SAPIEN systems (Edwards Lifesciences, Irvine, California) in patients with symptomatic, severe aortic stenosis (AS) who were not candidates for surgery. BACKGROUND: Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has become the standard of care for inoperable patients with severe, symptomatic AS. In the PARTNER (Placement of Aortic Transcatheter Valves) IB trial, a reduction in all-cause mortality was observed in patients undergoing TAVR with the balloon-expandable SAPIEN transcatheter heart valve compared with standard therapy, but the SAPIEN valve was associated with adverse periprocedural complications, including vascular complications, major bleeding, and paravalvular regurgitation...

OBJECTIVE: To determine the nature of the association between renal dysfunction and outcomes following transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) in all cases performed in the UK between 2007 and 2012. METHODS: The UK TAVI registry was established to report outcomes on all TAVI procedures performed within the UK. Data were collected prospectively on 3980 patients from 1 January 2007 until 31 December 2012. RESULTS: In total, 205 patients (5...