arb hemodialysis

OBJECTIVE: Many studies have highlighted the hypolipidemic action of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ). We investigated the effect of HCQ on the lipid profile of patients with Sjögren syndrome (SS). METHODS: The present retrospective observational study included 71 female patients with SS treated with HCQ. The levels of total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides (TG), and atherogenic index (TC/HDL) were measured at baseline, after 6 months, and 1, 3, and 5 years after initiation of HCQ treatment...

PURPOSE: Vitamin D is important for bone health, and vitamin D deficiency may contribute to other disorders (e.g., autoimmune, infections, cancer, degenerative, diabetic, and vascular). Enzyme-inducing antiepileptic drugs have been particularly implicated for osteoporosis risk given their effects on vitamin D. We examined the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in adult epilepsy patients. METHODS: We conducted an observational study of consecutive epilepsy patients treated by two clinicians at the Emory University Epilepsy Center from 2008 to 2011 in order to determine the frequency of low vitamin D levels and possible differential antiepileptic drug risks...

BACKGROUND: Valproate is a commonly used anticonvulsant drug. Uridine 5΄-diphospho (UDP)-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) contributes to around 50% of valproate metabolism and its polymorphisms may be important for explaining the considerable variation in valproate levels in patients with epilepsy. AIM: This study was aimed to analyze the genetic polymorphisms of UGT1A6 in Indian children with epilepsy and their potential influence on the pharmacokinetics of valproate...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Sodium valproate is a widely prescribed broad-spectrum antiepileptic drug. It shows high inter-individual variability in pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics and has a narrow therapeutic range. We evaluated the effects of polymorphic uridine diphosphate glucuronosyltransferase (UGT)1A6 (541A>G, 552A>C) metabolizing enzyme on the pharmacokinetics of sodium valproate in the patients with epilepsy who showed toxicity to therapy. METHODS: Genotype analysis of the patients was made with polymerase chain-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) with sequencing...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of UGT1A6 genetic polymorphisms on the serum concentration of sodium valproate so as to help better individualize the medication for patients with epilepsy. METHODS: Peripheral blood samples were collected for 67 patients receiving sodium valproate after more than 5 half-time periods, aged 17.5 (5 - 52). The genotypes of UGT1A6 were detected by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) assay to examine the alleles 552A-->C...

INTRODUCTION: Only 50% of hypertensive patients receive an appropriate treatment to normalize blood pressure (BP). Although monotherapy is often adequate in normalizing BP, it is sometimes necessary to start with combination therapy. The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of nebivolol alone and in association with hydrochlorothiazide (HCT) in reducing BP in hypertensive patients with new-onset, mild-to-moderate hypertension, and to assess the effect of combination therapy on glucose and lipid metabolism...

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to compare the effects of nebivolol and telmisartan on left ventricular mass (LVM) and midwall mechanics in mild-to-moderate hypertension. METHODS: A total of 40 patients with mild-to-moderate hypertension were randomized to receive either nebivolol (2.5 to 5.0 mg/day) or telmisartan (40 to 80 mg/day) to achieve a target diastolic blood pressure of <90 mm Hg. Blood pressure (BP) was measured with sphygmomanometry, and LVM and midwall fractional shortening (mFS) were estimated by two-dimensionally guided M-mode echocardiography at baseline and at 3-month follow-up...

Nebivolol is a novel, beta1-adrenergic receptor blocker with vasodilatory properties mediated through the activation of the L-arginine/nitric oxide pathway. Short-term randomized clinical trials have demonstrated that nebivolol has antihypertensive efficacy benefits comparable to other beta blockers but with a favorable safety and tolerability profile. The long-term safety and efficacy results of oral nebivolol (5, 10, or 20 mg) 1 time/day, as monotherapy or in combination with other antihypertensive agents, were assessed in a double-blind, multicenter, 9-month extension study of 3 phase III, double-blind, 3-month trials in patients with stage I to II hypertension (mean sitting diastolic blood pressures [BPs]>or=95 and <or=109 mm Hg)...

OBJECTIVE: To estimate and compare the cost-effectiveness and safety of nebivolol with sustained-release metoprolol in reducing blood pressure by 1 mm of Hg per day in hypertensive patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a prospective, randomized, open label, observational analysis of cost-effectiveness, in a questionnaire-based fashion to compare the cost of nebivolol (2.5 mg, 5 mg, 10 mg) and sustained released metoprolol succinate (25 mg, 50 mg, 100 mg) in hypertensive patients using either of the two drugs...

BACKGROUND: Carvedilol and nebivolol have favourable properties such as anti-oxidative effects in addition to other beta-blockers. However, which of these drugs is more effective on oxidative stress is unclear. AIM: To compare the effects carvedilol and nebivolol on oxidative stress status in non-ischaemic heart failure (HF) patients. METHODS: We included 56 symptomatic non-ischaemic HF patients with ejection fraction ≤ 40%. The patients were randomised to carvedilol (n = 29, 18 male) or nebivolol (n = 27, 18 male) groups...

BACKGROUND: In hemodialysis, hypertension is treated by removing excess fluid and antihypertensive therapy. Commonly, the antihypertensives used to treat hypertension in earlier stages of kidney disease are continued as the patient progresses into end-stage renal disease and begins dialysis, without much evidence for benefit. METHODS: This study is a single center, retrospective chart review that included hemodialysis patients admitted for congestive heart failure (CHF), fluid overload, or pulmonary edema as determined by ICD-9 code (428...

BACKGROUND: It is controversial whether treatment with an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) or a calcium channel blocker (CCB) improves prognosis of hemodialysis (HD) patients. METHODS: This study was designed as a multicenter prospective cohort study. HD patients (n = 1071) were enrolled from 22 institutes in January 2009 and followed up for 3 years. Patients with missing data, kidney transplantation or retraction of consent during the follow-up period (n = 204) were excluded, and 867 patients contributed to analysis of mortality...