Meta analysis in otolaryngology

Objective To determine the optimal duration and type of antibiotic prophylaxis in patients undergoing clean-contaminated resection for head and neck cancer. Data Sources Search strategies were created by a medical librarian, implemented in multiple databases, and completed in June 2016. Review Methods The population of interest was adults ≥18 years undergoing clean-contaminated head and neck surgery, intervention was postoperative antibiotic prophylaxis, comparator was duration and types of antibiotics used, outcome was the wound infection rate, and the study design was randomized controlled trials (RCTs)...

OBJECTIVE: Traditionally, upper airway examination is performed while the patient is awake. However, in the past two decades, drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) has been used as a method of tridimensional evaluation of the upper airway during pharmacologically induced sleep. This study aimed to systematically review the evidence regarding the usefulness of DISE compared with that of traditional awake examination for surgical decision making in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)...

OBJECTIVE: To provide an up-to-date systematic review and critical appraisal of prospectively performed studies evaluating neurocognitive function in children treated with adenotonsillectomy. DATA SOURCES: PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library. REVIEW METHODS: Searches were performed from inception through September 2, 2015. RESULTS: Nineteen prospective studies (898 adenotonsillectomy patients) met criteria and reported neurocognitive outcomes...

OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: To determine if sleepiness and sleep study variables (e.g., Apnea-Hypopnea Index [AHI] and lowest oxygen saturation) improve following isolated tonsillectomy for adult obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). STUDY DESIGN: Systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS: Nine databases (PubMed/MEDLINE included) were searched through November 24, 2015. RESULTS: Seventeen studies (n = 216 patients, 34.4 ± 10...

OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: To determine if apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) and lowest oxygen saturation (LSAT) improve following isolated supraglottoplasty for laryngomalacia with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in children. STUDY DESIGN: Systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS: Nine databases, including PubMed/MEDLINE, were searched through September 30, 2015. RESULTS: A total of 517 studies were screened; 57 were reviewed; and 13 met criteria...

BACKGROUND: Obstructive sleep-disordered breathing (oSDB) is a condition that encompasses breathing problems when asleep, due to an obstruction of the upper airways, ranging in severity from simple snoring to obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS). It affects both children and adults. In children, hypertrophy of the tonsils and adenoid tissue is thought to be the commonest cause of oSDB. As such, tonsillectomy - with or without adenoidectomy - is considered an appropriate first-line treatment for most cases of paediatric oSDB...

OBJECTIVES: (1) To analyze the sensitivity and specificity of fine-needle aspiration (FNA) in distinguishing benign from malignant parotid disease. (2) To determine the anticipated posttest probability of malignancy and probability of nondiagnostic and indeterminate cytology with parotid FNA. DATA SOURCES: Independently corroborated computerized searches of PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Central Register were performed. These were supplemented with manual searches and input from content experts...

OBJECTIVE: Paranasal sinus balloon catheter dilation (BCD) represents a commonly used tool in the management of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) for which the indications, utilization, and outcomes have not been well established. A systematic review and meta-analysis were undertaken to evaluate change in quality of life and sinus opacification following paranasal sinus BCD in the treatment of CRS. DATA SOURCES: MEDLINE and EMBASE databases. REVIEW METHODS: Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guidelines were utilized to identify English-language studies reporting patient outcomes following BCD for CRS...

IMPORTANCE: Maxillomandibular advancement (MMA) is an invasive yet effective surgical option for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) that achieves enlargement of the upper airway by physically expanding the facial skeletal framework. OBJECTIVE: To identify criteria associated with surgical outcomes of MMA using aggregated individual patient data from multiple studies. DATA SOURCES: The Cochrane Library, Scopus, Web of Science, and MEDLINE from June 1, 2014, to March 16, 2015, using the Medical Subject Heading keywords maxillomandibular advancement, orthognathic surgery, maxillary osteotomy, mandibular advancement, sleep apnea, surgical, surgery, sleep apnea syndrome, and obstructive sleep apnea...

OBJECTIVE: To critically review published literature for treatment-related outcomes for bilateral inferior turbinate reduction (IFTR) via either microdebrider-assisted turbinoplasty (MAT) or radiofrequency turbinoplasty. The primary outcomes were relief of nasal obstruction according to visual analog scale and nasal airflow, volume, and resistance measures based on acoustic rhinomanometry. DATA SOURCES: MEDLINE, EMBASE, The Cochrane Catalog, and CINAHL. REVIEW METHODS: The databases were searched with the terms "turbinoplasty" and "turbinate reduction...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the quality of meta-analyses written on otolaryngological topics and define areas that can be improved upon in future studies. DATA SOURCES: MEDLINE (PubMed) and EMBASE databases were searched. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews was excluded, because these meta-analyses have already been critically evaluated and found to be of high quality. REVIEW METHODS: A systematic review of otolaryngological meta-analyses published between 1997 and 2006 (10 years) was performed in duplicate and independently by two authors...

BACKGROUND: Flexible fibre-optic nasolaryngoscopy (FFN) is a common otolaryngology procedure that patients may find uncomfortable. Preparative agents, including topical anesthetic, vasoconstrictive, and lubricating agents, have been studied in randomized controlled trials (RCTs). METHODS: A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted on RCTs published between January 1966 and October 2005 and indexed to MEDLINE, CINAHL, and Cochrane CENTRAL databases. Methodologic validity was evaluated...

BACKGROUND: Laser surgery and radiotherapy are commonly used to treat glottic cancer. OBJECTIVE OF REVIEW: To compare outcomes and cost of laser surgery versus radiotherapy for T1-T2N0 glottic cancer. TYPE OF REVIEW: Meta-analysis. SEARCH STRATEGY: The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Ovid MEDLINE® In-Process & Other Non-Indexed Citations, Embase, Web of Science (1990-2010) were searched electronically...