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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chittaranjan Andrade
Many observational studies published during the past 15 years have found an association between anticholinergic drug exposure and the risk of incident dementia. Animal data suggest plausible causal mechanisms for this finding. The results of a recent, large, and well-conducted study on the subject were widely disseminated by the lay and scientific media. This study addressed protopathic bias by examining anticholinergic drug exposure in time windows 1-11, 3-13, and 5-20 years before the identification of dementia...
August 6, 2019: Journal of Clinical Psychiatry
#2
REVIEW
Fernando Maestú, Pablo Cuesta, Omar Hasan, Alberto Fernandéz, Michael Funke, Paul E Schulz
Current biomarkers used in research and in clinical practice in Alzheimer's Disease (AD) are the analysis of cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) to detect levels of Aβ42 and phosphorylated-tau, amyloid and FDG-PET, and MRI volumetry. Some of these procedures are still invasive for patients or expensive. Electroencephalography (EEG) and Magnetoencephalography (MEG) are two non-invasive techniques able to detect the early synaptic dysfunction and track the course of the disease. However, in spite of its added value they are not part of the standard of care in clinical practice in dementia...
2019: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Denis S Smirnov, Alena Stasenko, David P Salmon, Douglas Galasko, James B Brewer, Tamar H Gollan
Structural adaptations in brain regions involved in domain-general cognitive control are associated with life-long bilingualism and may contribute to the executive function advantage of bilinguals over monolinguals. To the degree that these adaptations support bilingualism, their disruption by Alzheimer's disease (AD) may compromise the ability to maintain proficiency in two languages, particularly in the less proficient, or nondominant, language that has greater control demands. The present study assessed this possibility in Spanish-English bilinguals with AD (n = 21) and cognitively normal controls (n = 30) by examining the brain correlates of dominant versus nondominant language performance on the Multilingual Naming Test (MINT), adjusting for age and education...
September 2019: Neuropsychologia
#4
William A Eimer, Deepak Kumar Vijaya Kumar, Nanda Kumar Navalpur Shanmugam, Alex S Rodriguez, Teryn Mitchell, Kevin J Washicosky, Bence György, Xandra O Breakefield, Rudolph E Tanzi, Robert D Moir
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
December 19, 2018: Neuron
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jennifer M Harris, Jennifer A Saxon, Matthew Jones, Julie S Snowden, Jennifer C Thompson
The differentiation of subtypes of primary progressive aphasia (PPA) remains challenging. We aimed to identify optimum neuropsychological measures for characterizing PPA, to examine the relationship between behavioural change and subtypes of PPA and to determine whether characteristic profiles of language, working memory, and behavioural changes occur in PPA. Forty-seven patients with PPA and multi-domain Alzheimer's disease (AD) together with 19 age-matched controls underwent a large battery of working memory and language tests...
June 2019: Journal of Neuropsychology
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kumar B Rajan, Lisa L Barnes, Robert S Wilson, Jennifer Weuve, Elizabeth A McAninch, Denis A Evans
OBJECTIVE: To examine the association of blood pressure (BP) with incident Alzheimer's disease (AD) dementia. METHODS: This work is based on a longitudinal, cohort study of 18 years, the Chicago Health and Aging Project (CHAP) performed in 2,137 participants (55% black) with systolic BP measured around 8.1 years before incident AD dementia. RESULTS: The association of BP with risk of AD dementia was U-shaped, with the lowest risks of AD dementia near the center of the systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) distributions, and modestly elevated risk at lower BPs, and greater risk at higher BPs...
May 2018: Annals of Neurology
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yu Chen, Fiona Kumfor, Ramon Landin-Romero, Muireann Irish, John R Hodges, Olivier Piguet
OBJECTIVE: Increasing evidence suggests that cerebellar damage impacts on cognitive functions. Frontotemporal dementias (FTDs) are neurodegenerative brain conditions, primarily affecting the frontal and/or temporal lobe. Three main phenotypes are recognized, each with a distinct clinical and cognitive profile: behavioral-variant FTD (bvFTD), semantic dementia (SD), and progressive nonfluent aphasia (PNFA). The severity of cerebellar changes and their relation to cognition in FTD, however, remain unclear...
July 2018: Annals of Neurology
#8
MULTICENTER STUDY
Eline M C Hamilton, Hannemieke D W van der Lei, Gerre Vermeulen, Jan A M Gerver, Charles M Lourenço, Sakkubai Naidu, Hanna Mierzewska, Reinoud J B J Gemke, Henrica C W de Vet, Bernard M J Uitdehaag, Birgit I Lissenberg-Witte, Marjo S van der Knaap
OBJECTIVE: To comprehensively describe the natural history of vanishing white matter (VWM), aiming at improving counseling of patients/families and providing natural history data for future therapeutic trials. METHODS: We performed a longitudinal multicenter study among 296 genetically confirmed VWM patients. Clinical information was obtained via disease-specific clinical questionnaire, Health Utilities Index and Guy's Neurological Disability Scale assessments, and chart review...
August 2018: Annals of Neurology
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Thiago Junqueira Ribeiro Rezende, Jean Levi Ribeiro de Paiva, Alberto Rolim Muro Martinez, Iscia Lopes-Cendes, José Luiz Pedroso, Orlando Graziani Povoas Barsottini, Fernando Cendes, Marcondes C França
OBJECTIVE: Machado-Joseph disease (SCA3/MJD) is the most frequent spinocerebellar ataxia worldwide and characterized by brainstem, basal ganglia, and cerebellar damage. However, little is known about the natural history of the disease. This motivated us to determine the extension and progression of central nervous system involvement in SCA3/MJD using multimodal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based analyses in a large cohort of patients (n = 79) and presymptomatic subjects (n = 12)...
September 2018: Annals of Neurology
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Samir Abu-Rumeileh, Veronica Redaelli, Simone Baiardi, Graeme Mackenzie, Otto Windl, Diane L Ritchie, Giuseppe Didato, Jorge Hernandez-Vara, Marcello Rossi, Sabina Capellari, Daniele Imperiale, Mario Giorgio Rizzone, Alessia Belotti, Sandro Sorbi, Annemieke J M Rozemuller, Pietro Cortelli, Ellen Gelpi, Robert G Will, Inga Zerr, Giorgio Giaccone, Piero Parchi
OBJECTIVE: Comprehensively describe the phenotypic spectrum of sporadic fatal insomnia (sFI) to facilitate diagnosis and management of this rare and peculiar prion disorder. METHODS: A survey among major prion disease reference centers in Europe identified 13 patients diagnosed with sFI in the past 20 years. We undertook a detailed analysis of clinical and histopathological features and the results of diagnostic investigations. RESULTS: Mean age at onset was 43 years, and mean disease duration 30 months...
September 2018: Annals of Neurology
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
David Bergeron, Maria L Gorno-Tempini, Gil D Rabinovici, Miguel A Santos-Santos, William Seeley, Bruce L Miller, Yolande Pijnenburg, M Antoinette Keulen, Colin Groot, Bart N M van Berckel, Wiesje M van der Flier, Philip Scheltens, Jonathan D Rohrer, Jason D Warren, Jonathan M Schott, Nick C Fox, Raquel Sanchez-Valle, Oriol Grau-Rivera, Ellen Gelpi, Harro Seelaar, Janne M Papma, John C van Swieten, John R Hodges, Cristian E Leyton, Olivier Piguet, Emily J Rogalski, Marsel M Mesulam, Lejla Koric, Kristensen Nora, Jeéreémie Pariente, Bradford Dickerson, Ian R Mackenzie, Ging-Yuek R Hsiung, Serge Belliard, David J Irwin, David A Wolk, Murray Grossman, Matthew Jones, Jennifer Harris, David Mann, Julie S Snowden, Patricio Chrem-Mendez, Ismael L Calandri, Alejandra A Amengual, Carole Miguet-Alfonsi, Eloi Magnin, Giuseppe Magnani, Roberto Santangelo, Vincent Deramecourt, Florence Pasquier, Niklas Mattsson, Christer Nilsson, Oskar Hansson, Julia Keith, Mario Masellis, Sandra E Black, Jordi A Matías-Guiu, María-Nieves Cabrera-Martin, Claire Paquet, Julien Dumurgier, Marc Teichmann, Marie Sarazin, Michel Bottlaender, Bruno Dubois, Christopher C Rowe, Victor L Villemagne, Rik Vandenberghe, Elias Granadillo, Edmond Teng, Mario Mendez, Philipp T Meyer, Lars Frings, Alberto Lleó, Rafael Blesa, Juan Fortea, Sang Won Seo, Janine Diehl-Schmid, Timo Grimmer, Kristian Steen Frederiksen, Pascual Sánchez-Juan, Gaël Chételat, Willemijn Jansen, Rémi W Bouchard, Robert Jr Laforce, Pieter Jelle Visser, Rik Ossenkoppele
OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of amyloid positivity, defined by positron emission tomography (PET)/cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers and/or neuropathological examination, in primary progressive aphasia (PPA) variants. METHODS: We conducted a meta-analysis with individual participant data from 1,251 patients diagnosed with PPA (including logopenic [lvPPA, n = 443], nonfluent [nfvPPA, n = 333], semantic [svPPA, n = 401], and mixed/unclassifiable [n = 74] variants of PPA) from 36 centers, with a measure of amyloid-β pathology (CSF [n = 600], PET [n = 366], and/or autopsy [n = 378]) available...
November 2018: Annals of Neurology
#12
REVIEW
Nicola Veronese, Marco Solmi, Cristina Basso, Lee Smith, Pinar Soysal
OBJECTIVE: Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPs) affect almost all patients with Alzheimer disease (AD). Because of the complications associated with the pharmacological treatment, nonpharmacological treatment (such as physical activity) can be considered as an additional complementary treatment option for NPs. The aim of this review is to evaluate the impact of physical activity on NPs in patients with AD. METHODS: We searched Pubmed and Google Scholar for potential eligible articles until March 1, 2018...
September 2019: International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry
#13
REVIEW
K Blennow, H Zetterberg
Accumulating data from the clinical research support that the core Alzheimer's disease (AD) cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers amyloid-β (Aβ42), total tau (T-tau), and phosphorylated tau (P-tau) reflect key elements of AD pathophysiology. Importantly, a large number of clinical studies very consistently show that these biomarkers contribute with diagnostically relevant information, also in the early disease stages. Recent technical developments have made it possible to measure these biomarkers using fully automated assays with high precision and stability...
December 2018: Journal of Internal Medicine
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alison Abbott
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
April 2018: Nature
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Babak Fathabadi, Mohammad Dehghanifiroozabadi, Jan Aaseth, Gholamreza Sharifzadeh, Samaneh Nakhaee, Ali Rajabpour-Sanati, Alireza Amirabadizadeh, Omid Mehrpour
BACKGROUND: It is argued that breakdown of β-amyloid in the brain causes deposition of senescent plaques and therefore Alzheimer's disease (AD). One of the influential factors for increasing level of this protein is exposure to lead. Our aim was to compare blood lead levels (BLLs) between patients with AD and healthy controls. METHODS: This case-control study was performed on all patients with cognitive impairment who were referred to the Neurological Clinic of Birjand in 2016 to 2017...
December 2018: American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease and Other Dementias
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Emily Sohn
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
July 2018: Nature
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lauren Gravitz
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
July 2018: Nature
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Martin Steinberg, Constantine G Lyketsos
Neuropsychiatric symptoms such as agitation and delusions occur commonly in elderly patients with dementia and often cause significant distress. Data on treatment efficacy are strongest for atypical antipsychotics, but these agents must be used with great caution. Adverse effects in patients with dementia include an increased risk of mortality and cerebrovascular events, as well as metabolic effects, extrapyramidal symptoms, falls, cognitive worsening, cardiac arrhythmia, and pneumonia. Conventional antipsychotics may pose an even greater safety risk...
September 2012: American Journal of Psychiatry
#19
REVIEW
Isabelle F van der Velpen, Stephanie Feleus, Anne Suzanne Bertens, Behnam Sabayan
INTRODUCTION: Cardiac function is a key player in maintaining energy homeostasis in the brain. Heart failure is closely related to higher risk of neurocognitive disorders. Recent evidence shows that this relationship might not be limited to patients with advanced heart failure, and even suboptimal cardiac functioning is associated with accelerated brain aging. Hence, hemodynamic and serum cardiac markers may provide valuable information about the risk of dementia. METHODS: We provide an overview on the link between cardiac markers and cognitive function by a systematic search in five databases...
April 2017: Alzheimer's & Dementia: the Journal of the Alzheimer's Association
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Béatrice Garcin, Emmanuelle Volle, Aurélie Funkiewiez, Bruce L Miller, Bruno Dubois, Richard Levy
BACKGROUND: Patients with neurodegenerative diseases affecting the frontal lobes have difficulties in categorization tasks, such as the similarity tasks. They give two types of unusual response to the question: "In what way are an orange and a banana alike?", either a differentiation ("one is yellow, the other is orange") or a concrete similarity ("they are sweet"). OBJECTIVE: To characterize the categorization deficit of frontal patients and develop a short diagnostic tool to assess the nature of these difficulties...
August 2018: Neuropsychologia
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