collection
https://read.qxmd.com/read/28011608/mycobacterial-characteristics-and-treatment-outcomes-in-mycobacterium-abscessus-lung-disease
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Won-Jung Koh, Byeong-Ho Jeong, Su-Young Kim, Kyeongman Jeon, Kyoung Un Park, Byung Woo Jhun, Hyun Lee, Hye Yun Park, Dae Hun Kim, Hee Jae Huh, Chang-Seok Ki, Nam Yong Lee, Hong Kwan Kim, Yong Soo Choi, Jhingook Kim, Seung-Heon Lee, Chang Ki Kim, Sung Jae Shin, Charles L Daley, Hojoong Kim, O Jung Kwon
BACKGROUND: Treatment outcomes of patients with Mycobacterium abscessus subspecies abscessus lung disease are poor, and the microbial characteristics associated with treatment outcomes have not been studied systematically. The purpose of this study was to identify associations between microbial characteristics and treatment outcomes in patients with M. abscessus lung disease. METHODS: Sixty-seven consecutive patients with M. abscessus lung disease undergoing antibiotic treatment for ≥12 months between January 2002 and December 2012 were included...
February 1, 2017: Clinical Infectious Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/28011612/oral-vancomycin-followed-by-fecal-transplantation-versus-tapering-oral-vancomycin-treatment-for-recurrent-clostridium-difficile-infection-an-open-label-randomized-controlled-trial
#22
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Susy S Hota, Valerie Sales, George Tomlinson, Mary Jane Salpeter, Allison McGeer, Bryan Coburn, David S Guttman, Donald E Low, Susan M Poutanen
BACKGROUND: Fecal transplantation (FT) is a promising treatment for recurrent Clostridium difficile infection (CDI), but its true effectiveness remains unknown. We compared 14 days of oral vancomycin followed by a single FT by enema with oral vancomycin taper (standard of care) in adult patients experiencing acute recurrence of CDI. METHODS: In a phase 2/3, single-center, open-label trial, participants from Ontario, Canada, experiencing recurrence of CDI were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to 14 days of oral vancomycin treatment followed by a single 500-mL FT by enema, or a 6-week taper of oral vancomycin...
February 1, 2017: Clinical Infectious Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/28013259/use-of-neuraminidase-inhibitors-for-treatment-of-severe-influenza-times-are-changing
#23
EDITORIAL
Emily T Martin
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
February 1, 2017: Clinical Infectious Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/28013264/comparing-the-outcomes-of-patients-with-carbapenemase-producing-and-non-carbapenemase-producing-carbapenem-resistant-enterobacteriaceae-bacteremia
#24
COMPARATIVE STUDY
Pranita D Tamma, Katherine E Goodman, Anthony D Harris, Tsigereda Tekle, Ava Roberts, Abimbola Taiwo, Patricia J Simner
BACKGROUND: Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) are associated with considerable mortality. As mechanisms of carbapenem resistance are heterogeneous, it is unclear if mortality differs based on resistance mechanisms. We sought to determine whether CRE resistance mechanism determination is prognostically informative. METHODS: We conducted an observational study comparing 14-day mortality between patients with carbapenemase-producing (CP)-CRE compared with non-CP-CRE bacteremia...
February 1, 2017: Clinical Infectious Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/27848200/vancomycin-induced-thrombocytopenia-a-narrative-review
#25
REVIEW
Mehdi Mohammadi, Zahra Jahangard-Rafsanjani, Amir Sarayani, Molouk Hadjibabaei, Maryam Taghizadeh-Ghehi
Thrombocytopenia has been reported as an adverse reaction of numerous drugs. Vancomycin is often overlooked as a culprit but has been associated with several cases of thrombocytopenia that were not well described in the literature. A literature search was conducted to find reports of thrombocytopenia induced by vancomycin. Biomedical databases including 'PubMed', 'Scopus', and 'Web of Science' were searched using terms 'vancomycin', 'platelet', 'pancytopenia', 'thrombocytopenia', and 'bleeding'. English language articles published before July 2015 were included...
January 2017: Drug Safety: An International Journal of Medical Toxicology and Drug Experience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/27766566/isavuconazole-a-review-in-invasive-aspergillosis-and-mucormycosis
#26
REVIEW
Matt Shirley, Lesley J Scott
Isavuconazole is a second-generation triazole with activity against a broad spectrum of clinically important fungi. Its water-soluble prodrug, isavuconazonium sulfate (Cresemba® ), available in interchangeable intravenous and oral formulations, is approved in the USA and EU for the treatment of adults with invasive aspergillosis and mucormycosis. In international phase III clinical trials, isavuconazole was efficacious and generally well tolerated in the treatment of these life-threatening diseases. In the phase III SECURE trial, isavuconazole was non-inferior to voriconazole for the primary treatment of invasive mould disease (primarily aspergillosis) and was associated with fewer drug-related treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) than voriconazole...
November 2016: Drugs
https://read.qxmd.com/read/27766567/ceftaroline-fosamil-a-review-in-complicated-skin-and-soft-tissue-infections-and-community-acquired-pneumonia
#27
REVIEW
Lesley J Scott
Intravenous ceftaroline fosamil (Zinforo™), a prodrug that is rapidly converted to its active metabolite ceftaroline, is approved for use in adults and children (from 2 months of age) with complicated skin and soft tissue infections (cSSTIs) or community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). In several multinational trials, ceftaroline fosamil was an effective and generally well tolerated treatment in adult and paediatric patients with cSSTIs or CAP. In the phase 3 CANVAS trials, ceftaroline fosamil treatment was noninferior to vancomycin plus aztreonam in adults with cSSTIs...
November 2016: Drugs
https://read.qxmd.com/read/27909995/solithromycin-a-novel-fluoroketolide-for-the-treatment-of-community-acquired-bacterial-pneumonia
#28
REVIEW
George G Zhanel, Erika Hartel, Heather Adam, Sheryl Zelenitsky, Michael A Zhanel, Alyssa Golden, Frank Schweizer, Bala Gorityala, Philippe R S Lagacé-Wiens, Andrew J Walkty, Alfred S Gin, Daryl J Hoban, Joseph P Lynch, James A Karlowsky
Solithromycin is a novel fluoroketolide developed in both oral and intravenous formulations to address increasing macrolide resistance in pathogens causing community-acquired bacterial pneumonia (CABP). When compared with its macrolide and ketolide predecessors, solithromycin has several structural modifications which increase its ribosomal binding and reduce its propensity to known macrolide resistance mechanisms. Solithromycin, like telithromycin, affects 50S ribosomal subunit formation and function, as well as causing frame-shift errors during translation...
December 2016: Drugs
https://read.qxmd.com/read/27929279/pet-related-infections
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Michael J Day
Physicians and veterinarians have many opportunities to partner in promoting the well-being of people and their pets, especially by addressing zoonotic diseases that may be transmitted between a pet and a human family member. Common cutaneous pet-acquired zoonoses are dermatophytosis (ringworm) and sarcoptic mange (scabies), which are both readily treated. Toxoplasmosis can be acquired from exposure to cat feces, but appropriate hygienic measures can minimize the risk to pregnant women. Persons who work with animals are at increased risk of acquiring bartonellosis (e...
November 15, 2016: American Family Physician
https://read.qxmd.com/read/27242383/antibiotic-associated-encephalopathy
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
(no author information available yet)
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
May 31, 2016: Neurology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/26143662/predictors-of-surgical-site-infection-after-hospital-discharge-in-patients-undergoing-major-vascular-surgery
#31
COMPARATIVE STUDY
Jason T Wiseman, Sara Fernandes-Taylor, Maggie L Barnes, R Scott Saunders, Sandeep Saha, Jeffrey Havlena, Paul J Rathouz, K Craig Kent
OBJECTIVE: Surgical site infection (SSI) is one of the most common postoperative complications after vascular reconstruction, producing significant morbidity and hospital readmission. In contrast to SSI that develops while patients are still hospitalized, little is known about the cohort of patients who develop SSI after discharge. In this study, we explore the factors that lead to postdischarge SSI, investigate the differences between risk factors for in-hospital vs postdischarge SSI, and develop a scoring system to identify patients who might benefit from postdischarge monitoring of their wounds...
October 2015: Journal of Vascular Surgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/26138226/optimizing-the-clinical-pharmacology-of-tuberculosis-medications
#32
REVIEW
E F Egelund, A Alsultan, C A Peloquin
Tuberculosis (TB) treatment has changed little in the past 40 years. The current standard therapy requires four drugs for 2 months followed by two drugs for 4 months. This "short-course" regimen is not based on optimized pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties, but empiric evidence. A review of existing data suggests that pharmacokinetic variability with isoniazid and rifampin is greater than previously thought, and that efficacy is not as good as traditionally reported. Adding new drugs to the current regimen will be costly and time-consuming...
October 2015: Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/26016486/staphylococcus-aureus-infections-epidemiology-pathophysiology-clinical-manifestations-and-management
#33
REVIEW
Steven Y C Tong, Joshua S Davis, Emily Eichenberger, Thomas L Holland, Vance G Fowler
Staphylococcus aureus is a major human pathogen that causes a wide range of clinical infections. It is a leading cause of bacteremia and infective endocarditis as well as osteoarticular, skin and soft tissue, pleuropulmonary, and device-related infections. This review comprehensively covers the epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and management of each of these clinical entities. The past 2 decades have witnessed two clear shifts in the epidemiology of S. aureus infections: first, a growing number of health care-associated infections, particularly seen in infective endocarditis and prosthetic device infections, and second, an epidemic of community-associated skin and soft tissue infections driven by strains with certain virulence factors and resistance to β-lactam antibiotics...
July 2015: Clinical Microbiology Reviews
https://read.qxmd.com/read/25992751/antibiotics-for-abdominal-sepsis
#34
EDITORIAL
Richard P Wenzel, Michael B Edmond
New England Journal of Medicine, Volume 372, Issue 21, Page 2062-2063, May 2015.
May 21, 2015: New England Journal of Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/25992748/pelvic-inflammatory-disease
#35
REVIEW
Robert C Brunham, Sami L Gottlieb, Jorma Paavonen
New England Journal of Medicine, Volume 372, Issue 21, Page 2039-2048, May 2015.
May 21, 2015: New England Journal of Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/25899165/infectious-mononucleosis
#36
REVIEW
Paul Lennon, Michael Crotty, John E Fenton
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
April 21, 2015: BMJ: British Medical Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/25875259/clostridium-difficile-infection
#37
REVIEW
Daniel A Leffler, J Thomas Lamont
New England Journal of Medicine, Volume 372, Issue 16, Page 1539-1548, April 2015.
April 16, 2015: New England Journal of Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/25804417/management-of-severe-acute-dental-infections
#38
REVIEW
Douglas P Robertson, William Keys, Riina Rautemaa-Richardson, Ronnie Burns, Andrew J Smith
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
March 24, 2015: BMJ: British Medical Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/25785967/clindamycin-versus-trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole-for-uncomplicated-skin-infections
#39
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Loren G Miller, Robert S Daum, C Buddy Creech, David Young, Michele D Downing, Samantha J Eells, Stephanie Pettibone, Rebecca J Hoagland, Henry F Chambers
BACKGROUND: Skin and skin-structure infections are common in ambulatory settings. However, the efficacy of various antibiotic regimens in the era of community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is unclear. METHODS: We enrolled outpatients with uncomplicated skin infections who had cellulitis, abscesses larger than 5 cm in diameter (smaller for younger children), or both. Patients were enrolled at four study sites. All abscesses underwent incision and drainage...
March 19, 2015: New England Journal of Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/25589091/the-prevention-and-management-of-rabies
#40
REVIEW
Natasha S Crowcroft, Nisha Thampi
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
January 14, 2015: BMJ: British Medical Journal
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