collection
https://read.qxmd.com/read/26214039/efficacy-and-long-term-safety-of-a-dengue-vaccine-in-regions-of-endemic-disease
#21
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Sri Rezeki Hadinegoro, Jose Luis Arredondo-García, Maria Rosario Capeding, Carmen Deseda, Tawee Chotpitayasunondh, Reynaldo Dietze, H I Hj Muhammad Ismail, Humberto Reynales, Kriengsak Limkittikul, Doris Maribel Rivera-Medina, Huu Ngoc Tran, Alain Bouckenooghe, Danaya Chansinghakul, Margarita Cortés, Karen Fanouillere, Remi Forrat, Carina Frago, Sophia Gailhardou, Nicholas Jackson, Fernando Noriega, Eric Plennevaux, T Anh Wartel, Betzana Zambrano, Melanie Saville
BACKGROUND: A candidate tetravalent dengue vaccine is being assessed in three clinical trials involving more than 35,000 children between the ages of 2 and 16 years in Asian-Pacific and Latin American countries. We report the results of long-term follow-up interim analyses and integrated efficacy analyses. METHODS: We are assessing the incidence of hospitalization for virologically confirmed dengue as a surrogate safety end point during follow-up in years 3 to 6 of two phase 3 trials, CYD14 and CYD15, and a phase 2b trial, CYD23/57...
September 24, 2015: New England Journal of Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/26214040/a-candidate-dengue-vaccine-walks-a-tightrope
#22
EDITORIAL
Cameron P Simmons
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
September 24, 2015: New England Journal of Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/25230594/dengue
#23
REVIEW
Maria G Guzman, Eva Harris
Dengue viruses have spread rapidly within countries and across regions in the past few decades, resulting in an increased frequency of epidemics and severe dengue disease, hyperendemicity of multiple dengue virus serotypes in many tropical countries, and autochthonous transmission in Europe and the USA. Today, dengue is regarded as the most prevalent and rapidly spreading mosquito-borne viral disease of human beings. Importantly, the past decade has also seen an upsurge in research on dengue virology, pathogenesis, and immunology and in development of antivirals, vaccines, and new vector-control strategies that can positively impact dengue control and prevention...
January 31, 2015: Lancet
https://read.qxmd.com/read/25458731/typhoid-fever
#24
REVIEW
John Wain, Rene S Hendriksen, Matthew L Mikoleit, Karen H Keddy, R Leon Ochiai
Control of typhoid fever relies on clinical information, diagnosis, and an understanding for the epidemiology of the disease. Despite the breadth of work done so far, much is not known about the biology of this human-adapted bacterial pathogen and the complexity of the disease in endemic areas, especially those in Africa. The main barriers to control are vaccines that are not immunogenic in very young children and the development of multidrug resistance, which threatens efficacy of antimicrobial chemotherapy...
March 21, 2015: Lancet
https://read.qxmd.com/read/26016486/staphylococcus-aureus-infections-epidemiology-pathophysiology-clinical-manifestations-and-management
#25
REVIEW
Steven Y C Tong, Joshua S Davis, Emily Eichenberger, Thomas L Holland, Vance G Fowler
Staphylococcus aureus is a major human pathogen that causes a wide range of clinical infections. It is a leading cause of bacteremia and infective endocarditis as well as osteoarticular, skin and soft tissue, pleuropulmonary, and device-related infections. This review comprehensively covers the epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and management of each of these clinical entities. The past 2 decades have witnessed two clear shifts in the epidemiology of S. aureus infections: first, a growing number of health care-associated infections, particularly seen in infective endocarditis and prosthetic device infections, and second, an epidemic of community-associated skin and soft tissue infections driven by strains with certain virulence factors and resistance to β-lactam antibiotics...
July 2015: Clinical Microbiology Reviews
https://read.qxmd.com/read/25830421/antibiotic-treatment-strategies-for-community-acquired-pneumonia-in-adults
#26
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Douwe F Postma, Cornelis H van Werkhoven, Leontine J R van Elden, Steven F T Thijsen, Andy I M Hoepelman, Jan A J W Kluytmans, Wim G Boersma, Clara J Compaijen, Eva van der Wall, Jan M Prins, Jan J Oosterheert, Marc J M Bonten
BACKGROUND: The choice of empirical antibiotic treatment for patients with clinically suspected community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) who are admitted to non-intensive care unit (ICU) hospital wards is complicated by the limited availability of evidence. We compared strategies of empirical treatment (allowing deviations for medical reasons) with beta-lactam monotherapy, beta-lactam-macrolide combination therapy, or fluoroquinolone monotherapy. METHODS: In a cluster-randomized, crossover trial with strategies rotated in 4-month periods, we tested the noninferiority of the beta-lactam strategy to the beta-lactam-macrolide and fluoroquinolone strategies with respect to 90-day mortality, in an intention-to-treat analysis, using a noninferiority margin of 3 percentage points and a two-sided 90% confidence interval...
April 2, 2015: New England Journal of Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/26049252/middle-east-respiratory-syndrome
#27
REVIEW
Alimuddin Zumla, David S Hui, Stanley Perlman
Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) is a highly lethal respiratory disease caused by a novel single-stranded, positive-sense RNA betacoronavirus (MERS-CoV). Dromedary camels, hosts for MERS-CoV, are implicated in direct or indirect transmission to human beings, although the exact mode of transmission is unknown. The virus was first isolated from a patient who died from a severe respiratory illness in June, 2012, in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. As of May 31, 2015, 1180 laboratory-confirmed cases (483 deaths; 40% mortality) have been reported to WHO...
September 5, 2015: Lancet
https://read.qxmd.com/read/23984731/severe-sepsis-and-septic-shock
#28
REVIEW
Derek C Angus, Tom van der Poll
New England Journal of Medicine, Volume 369, Issue 9, Page 840-851, August 2013.
August 29, 2013: New England Journal of Medicine
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