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Collections Nanotech and genetics of addic...

Nanotech and genetics of addictive disease and withdrawal

https://read.qxmd.com/read/35705968/evaluation-of-the-therapeutic-effect-of-mesoporous-silica-nanoparticles-loaded-with-gallic-acid-on-reserpine-induced-depression-in-wistar-rats
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Heba M Fahmy, Eman R Mohamed, Aida A Hussein, Yasser A Khadrawy, Nawal A Ahmed
BACKGROUND: The current study evaluates the free gallic acid (GA) and GA-loaded mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) antidepressant efficacy in a rat model of depression caused by reserpine. METHODS: By using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and zeta potential, MSNs and GA-loaded MSNs were characterized. The efficiency of encapsulation and the release of GA-loaded MSNs were also investigated. The effect of GA, either in its free form or loaded on (MSNs) on oxidative stress biomarkers and monoamine neurotransmitters levels (serotonin (5-HT), norepinephrine (NEP), and dopamine (DA)), were evaluated in these areas (cortex, hippocampus, striatum, and hypothalamus) of control, a depression model of rat, a depression model of rat treated with either free GA, MSNs or GA loaded MSNs...
June 15, 2022: BMC Pharmacology & Toxicology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35820950/resveratrol-s-neural-protective-effects-for-the-injured-embryoid-body-and-cerebral-organoid
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yanli Wang, Tingting Wei, Qiang Wang, Chaonan Zhang, Keyan Li, Jinbo Deng
OBJECTIVE: Resveratrol (RSV) is a polyphenol compound found in grapes, veratrum and other plants. It has been reported that RSV has anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-cancer and other pharmacological effects. However, the impacts of RSV on development of nervous system are not understood well. The study aims to investigate RSV's neuroprotective effect during development and to provide a health care for pregnant women and their fetuses with RSV supplementation. METHODS: In this study, we induced human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) to form the embryoid bodies (EBs) and cerebral organoids (COs) with 3 dimensional (3D) culture...
July 12, 2022: BMC Pharmacology & Toxicology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35870982/cytotoxic-and-apoptotic-potential-of-gemini-chrysophanol-nanoparticles-against-human-colorectal-cancer-hct-116-cell-lines
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alaadin M Naqishbandi
BACKGROUND: Colorectal cancer is among the most common cancers and accounts for nearly 9% of all cancers in the world. Chrysophanol is a naturally occurring anthraquinone exerts a number of pharmacological activities such as anti-inflammation, anti-cancer, anti-bacterial, anti-viral, and anti-oxidant effects. This study aims to produce a novel gemini chrysophanol nanoparticles (Gemini-Chr NPs), and to evaluate its anti-cancer effect on the human colorectal cancer cell lines...
July 23, 2022: BMC Pharmacology & Toxicology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35965783/glucagon-like-peptide-1-and-glucose-dependent-insulinotropic-peptide-hormones-and-novel-receptor-agonists-protect-synapses-in-alzheimer-s-and-parkinson-s-diseases
#4
REVIEW
Christian Hölscher
Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP) are peptide hormones and growth factors. A major pathological feature of both Alzheimer's dis-ease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) is the loss of synaptic transmission in the cortex in AD and the loss of dopaminergic synapses in the nigra-striatal dopaminergic projection. Several studies demonstrate that GLP-1 and GIP receptor agonists protect synapses and synaptic transmission from the toxic events that underlie AD and PD...
2022: Frontiers in Synaptic Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/26552847/blunted-endogenous-opioid-release-following-an-oral-amphetamine-challenge-in-pathological-gamblers
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Inge Mick, Jim Myers, Anna C Ramos, Paul R A Stokes, David Erritzoe, Alessandro Colasanti, Roger N Gunn, Eugenii A Rabiner, Graham E Searle, Adam D Waldman, Mark C Parkin, Alan D Brailsford, José C F Galduróz, Henrietta Bowden-Jones, Luke Clark, David J Nutt, Anne R Lingford-Hughes
Pathological gambling is a psychiatric disorder and the first recognized behavioral addiction, with similarities to substance use disorders but without the confounding effects of drug-related brain changes. Pathophysiology within the opioid receptor system is increasingly recognized in substance dependence, with higher mu-opioid receptor (MOR) availability reported in alcohol, cocaine and opiate addiction. Impulsivity, a risk factor across the addictions, has also been found to be associated with higher MOR availability...
June 2016: Neuropsychopharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/19940429/neurogenetics-of-dopaminergic-receptor-supersensitivity-in-activation-of-brain-reward-circuitry-and-relapse-proposing-deprivation-amplification-relapse-therapy-dart
#6
REVIEW
Kenneth Blum, Thomas J H Chen, B William Downs, Abdalla Bowirrat, Roger L Waite, Eric R Braverman, Margaret Madigan, Marlene Oscar-Berman, Nicholas DiNubile, Eric Stice, John Giordano, Siobhan Morse, Mark Gold
BACKGROUND AND HYPOTHESIS: It is well known that after prolonged abstinence, individuals who use their drug of choice experience a powerful euphoria that often precipitates relapse. While a biological explanation for this conundrum has remained elusive, we hypothesize that this clinically observed "supersensitivity" might be tied to genetic dopaminergic polymorphisms. Another therapeutic conundrum relates to the paradoxical finding that the dopaminergic agonist bromocriptine induces stronger activation of brain reward circuitry in individuals who carry the DRD2 A1 allele compared with DRD2 A2 allele carriers...
November 2009: Postgraduate Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/25604667/nanotherapeutic-approach-for-opiate-addiction-using-darpp-32-gene-silencing-in-an-animal-model-of-opiate-addiction
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
T A Ignatowski, R Aalinkeel, J L Reynolds, B B Nair, D E Sykes, C P K Gleason, W C Law, M J Mammen, P N Prasad, S A Schwartz, Supriya D Mahajan
Opiates act on the dopaminergic system of the brain and perturb 32 kDa dopamine and adenosine 3', 5'-monophosphate-regulated phosphoprotein (DARPP-32) function. The DARPP-32 mediated inhibition of protein phosphatase-1 (PP-1) and modulation of transcriptional factor CREB is critical to the changes in neuronal plasticity that result in behavioral responses during drug abuse. To investigate the role of DARPP-32 mediated signaling on withdrawal behavior in a rat model of opiate addiction, we used intracerebral administration of gold nanorods (GNR) complexed to DARPP-32 siRNA to silence DARPP-32 gene expression and measure its effects on the opiate withdrawal syndrome...
March 2015: Journal of Neuroimmune Pharmacology: the Official Journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology
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