Human papillomaviruses (HPV)

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination administered to adolescent girls through South Korea's National Immunization Program. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study included patients who were 12 to 13 years old, whether vaccinated or unvaccinated, between July 2016 and December 2017. The incidence of genital warts (GWs) was monitored through 2021. Time-stratified hazard ratios (HRs) were estimated, adjusting for birth year, socioeconomic status, and the level of urbanization of the region, and were presented with 95% confidence intervals (CIs)...

INTRODUCTION: HPV-associated oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) has one of the most rapidly rising incidences of any cancer in high-income countries. HPV vaccination is being tested to prevent HPV-associated OPC. OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) vaccination on the prevention of OPC in adults worldwide. BASIC RESEARCH DESIGN: Scoping review conducted using PRISMA-ScR Checklist. METHOD: An electronic literature search identified relevant records...

BACKGROUND: Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is a major cause of cervical cancer. Studies showed the onset of HPV carcinogenesis may be induced by oxidative stress affecting the host immune system. The association between antioxidants and oncogenic HPV remains unclear. In this study, we aim to identify antioxidants associated with vaginal HPV infection in women. METHODS: The associations between the 15 antioxidants and vaginal HPV infection status (no, low-risk, and high-risk HPV [LR- and HR-HPV]) were evaluated using 11,070 women who participated in the 2003-2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES)...

OBJECTIVES: Human Papilloma Virus is associated with the development of cancers in the head and neck region. We have witnessed, in the last decades, an increase in number of cases directly related to HPV infection, in particular in the Western Countries. Recently the FDA expanded the indications for Gardasil-9® to include the prevention of head and neck cancer. Objective of this paper is to review the evidence supporting its use. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Bibliographic review enquiring Medline, Web of Science and the Cochrane Library to assess the efficacy of vaccination against oncogenic HPV in the prevention of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma...

OBJECTIVE: Although the prognostic role of human papilloma virus (HPV) status in oropharyngeal head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is well established, growing evidence shows that there may be a prognostic role for HPV status in hypopharyngeal SCC. The objective of this study was to determine the prognostic role of HPV status in hypopharyngeal SCC. METHODS: We performed a retrospective, population-based analysis of 1934 adult patients with HNSCC diagnosed between 2010-2016 and treated with a combination of surgery and/or radiotherapy, with or without chemotherapy, and a subset of 641 patients with hypopharyngeal SCC and known HPV status included in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Head and Neck with HPV Status Database...

Vaccines are among the most vital interventions to control and reduce the morbidity and mortality worldwide. In accessing vaccines, pricing is usually the single most important deciding element. However, there is a scarcity of the literature on the vaccines pricing. The current study aims to review vaccine prices from the published literature and to evaluate factors that impact the pricing of vaccines. The literature (from 2015-2020) was reviewed to identify the original research articles. Systematic searches were conducted across the five databases including, Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus and Springer Link...

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Condyloma acuminate (CA) is a warty lesion caused by human papilloma virus (HPV) mostly involve the external genitalia. A 65-year-old woman with a compliant of acute urinary retention came to our hospital emergency ward and the retention was resolved by placing a 6 Fr Foley catheter. On physical examination warty lesions on patient's urethral meatus was seen and biopsy was taken. The pathology confirmed the diagnosis of CA. 5-FU was prescribed for a month and the outcome was fully satisfactory. To sum up, CA in female with AUR should be kept in mind...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

Human papillomaviruses of high carcinogenic risk (HR HPVs) are major etiological agents of malignant diseases of the cervix, vulva, penis, anal canal, larynx, head, and neck. Prophylactic vaccination against HPV, which mainly covers girls and women under 25, does not prevent vertical and horizontal HPV transmission in infants and children and does not have a therapeutic effect. As a result, a significant proportion of the population is not protected from the HPV infection and development of HPV-associated neoplastic transformation and cancer, which indicates the need for development and introduction of therapeutic HPV vaccines...

BACKGROUND: Infections with human papillomavirus (HPV) types 16 and 18 account for ~70% of invasive cervical cancers but the degree of protection from naturally acquired anti-HPV antibodies is uncertain. We examined the risk of HPV infections as defined by HPV DNA detection and cervical abnormalities among women >25 years in the Human Papilloma VIrus Vaccine Immunogenicity ANd Efficacy trial's (VIVIANE, NCT00294047) control arm. METHODS: Serum anti-HPV-16/18 antibodies were determined at baseline and every 12 months in baseline DNA-negative women (N = 2687 for HPV-16 and 2705 for HPV-18) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) from blood samples...

OBJECTIVE: To retrospectively analyse the incidence of high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSILs) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in women of different ages with high-risk (HR) human papillomavirus (HPV) but with normal cytology test results stratified by age and HPV genotype. METHODS: In total, 1858 women with HR-HPV infection but with a normal smear who received a colposcopy and biopsy between 2015 and 2016 at our institution were included. The pathological results were retrospectively analysed after stratifying by age and HPV genotype...

BACKGROUND: Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis is a benign condition caused by human papillomavirus (HPV). Surgery is the mainstay of treatment, but numerous adjuvant therapies have been applied to improve surgical outcome. Recently, HPV vaccination has been introduced, but only smaller studies of its effect have been published. The present meta-analysis is intended as a possible substitute for a proposed but not yet realized multicenter randomized controlled trial. METHODS: A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis statement...

INTRODUCTION: Human papilloma virus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted pathogen and its potential role in the genesis of several diseases such as cervical, head and neck, anal and penile cancers, is now largely recognized. Aim of this review article was to evaluate and summarize the state of the art of HPV-related urogenital cancers, focusing on the potentially innovative methods for the diagnosis of infection that should be used to improve viral causative detection and prevent its diffusion through sexual intercourses...

Oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (OTSCC) has a median age at diagnosis of 62 years. The incidence of OTSCC in young adults has been increasing, and the reason is unclear. The present study describes a case, and molecular analysis, of OTSCC in a 21-year-old female. Clinical and pathological information were collected from medical records. Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded biopsy tissue from the patient was reassessed using standard hematoxylin & eosin staining, and immunohistochemistry was used to assess the expression of cellular p16, MutL homolog (MLH)1, MLH2, MutS homolog 6 (MSH6) and PMS1 homolog 2 (PMS2)...

Human papilloma viruses (HPVs) are a group of double-stranded DNA viruses known to be the primary cause of cervical cancer. In addition, evidence has now established their role in non-melanoma skin cancers, head and neck cancer (HNC), and the development of other anogenital malignancies. The prevalence of HPV-related HNC, in particular oropharyngeal cancers, is rapidly increasing, foreseeing that HPV-positive oropharyngeal cancers will outnumber uterine cervical cancers in the next 15⁻20 years. Therefore, despite the successful advent of vaccines originally licensed for cervical cancer prevention, HPV burden is still very high, and a better understanding of HPV biology is urgently needed...

The human papilloma virus (HPV) causes approximately 30,700 annual cancer cases of the cervix, vulva, vagina, penis, oral cavity, and anus. Nurse practitioners can use their unique relationships with patients to advocate for the HPV vaccine. The purpose of this article is to update NPs on current knowledge regarding the HPV vaccine while providing appropriate information necessary for counseling patients and parents.

BACKGROUND: Extragenital warts (E-GWs) are common benign skin lesions caused by human papilloma virus. Surprisingly, there is no clear data about the impact of multiple E-GWs on quality of life in immune-competent adult patients in comparison to GWs, which have been frequently reported to exhibit a strong negative impact on life quality. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study investigated the impact of multiple E-GWs on quality of life in immune-competent adults as they are more commonly encountered in daily practice than their genital counterpart in the Egyptian population...

PURPOSE: Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer in women worldwide with very high incidence in India. Liquid-based cytology (LBC) provides the use of ancillary techniques in addition to a good morphology and detection of cytologic abnormalities. The current study was designed to assess the diagnostics of P16INK4a immunoexpression, p16 promoter hypermethylation, human papilloma virus (HPV), and DNA ploidy in LBC samples with cervical precancer and cancer. METHODS: A series of LBC samples categorised by Bethesda system including 22 atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US), 21 low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL), 41 high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL), 54 squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and 26 controls with normal cytology were included...

Abstract : Background and Objectives : Immunosuppressed individuals are at particularly increased risk for human papilloma virus-related infections. The primary objective of our study is to determine if there are any adverse effects associated with high-dose cimetidine treatment. A secondary objective is to report our experience with cimetidine in the treatment of cutaneous warts in pediatric heart transplant recipients. Methods and Results : This was a retrospective observational study. A total of 8 pediatric heart transplant recipients diagnosed with multiple recalcitrant warts were the subject of the study...