Violenza

OBJECTIVES & BACKGROUND: Significant numbers of people attend ED either as a direct result of domestic violence and abuse (DVA) or related admissions, for example self-harm (Boyle et al, 2006, Boursnell and Prosser, 2010). However, effective management remains problematic and as Gibbons (2011) has highlighted DVA often goes unreported by ED staff. The recent National Institute of Health and Care Excellence (NICE) (2014) guidance Domestic violence and abuse […] has identified that front line health care professionals will have a pivotal role and responsibility in the management of DVA in the future...

A study in the United States suggests that all female military veterans should be routinely screened for intimate partner violence - physical, sexual and psychological harm from a past or current intimate partner.

STUDY OBJECTIVE: We determine prevalence and correlates of dating violence, dating victimization, and dating aggression among male and female patients aged 14 to 20 years seeking emergency department (ED) care. METHODS: This was a systematic sampling of subjects aged 14 to 20 years seeking care at a single large academic ED between September 2010 and March 2013. Participants completed a computerized, self-administered, cross-sectional survey of demographics, dating violence from physical abuse measures of the Conflict in Adolescent Dating Relationships Inventory, associated behaviors, and ED health service use...

Independent domestic violence advisers (IDVAs) are professionals who support service users by assessing their level of risk, discussing options, developing safety plans, providing time-limited crisis intervention, and directing them to other specialist services. This article describes the work of an IDVA service based in the emergency department (ED) of an inner city hospital. It discusses the benefits of the service for clients and hospital staff, and shows how basing the service in an ED has positive outcomes...

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No abstract text is available yet for this article.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

The predictive validity of violence risk assessments can be divided into two components: calibration and discrimination. The most common performance indicator used to measure the predictive validity of structured risk assessments, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), measures the latter component but not the former. As it does not capture how well a risk assessment tool's predictions of risk agree with actual observed risk, the AUC provides an incomplete portrayal of predictive validity...

BACKGROUND: Dating violence in young people is highly prevalent, and bidirectional violence characterizes most violent relationships. However, there is limited data on predictors of bidirectional violence in young relationships. PURPOSE: To examine the frequency of victimization, perpetration, and bidirectional physical violence in young women's relationships and compare individual and relationship characteristics across violence profiles. METHODS: Six hundred eighteen young women visiting an urban reproductive health care clinic completed an anonymous survey using the Conflict in Adolescent Dating Relationships Inventory to measure their experience of violence with a partner in the last year...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

The current article aims to translate the PREMIS (Physician Readiness to Manage Intimate Partner Violence) survey into the Greek language and test its validity and reliability in a sample of primary care physicians. The validation study was conducted in 2010 and involved all the general practitioners serving two adjacent prefectures of Greece (n = 80). Maximum-likelihood factor analysis (MLF) was used to extract key survey factors. The instrument was further assessed for the following psychometric properties: (a) scale reliability, (b) item-specific reliability, (c) test-retest reliability, (d) scale construct validity, and (e) internal predictive validity...

BACKGROUND: Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a widespread, but often unidentified, health concern. Understanding distinguishing characteristics of IPV assaults when compared to non-IPV assaults would advance IPV identification in health care settings. STUDY OBJECTIVES: We sought to determine incident-specific factors differentiating these two assault types using Emergency Department (ED) visit data from a unique active surveillance system. METHODS: New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene's Injury Surveillance System 2000-2007 data were analyzed to describe a sample of assault-related ED visits...

Sexual violence can lead to a multitude of health consequences, including physical, reproductive and psychological. Some may be fatal, whereas others, such as unhealthy behaviours, may occur indirectly as a result of the violence. In total, these result in a significant health burden and should be considered by service providers, government authorities and non-governmental agencies. For women who present early, immediate care should be provided with plans for follow up. Mental-health interventions are important, as women who are sexually assaulted have the highest burden of post-traumatic stress disorder...

AIM AND OBJECTIVES: To explore healthcare experiences of Australian women living with intimate partner violence (IPV) and consider how these influence their understanding of IPV and sense of self. BACKGROUND: Despite international campaigns condemning violence against women, IPV remains a worldwide problem and recent Australian community attitudes demonstrate ongoing beliefs condemning women in abusive relationships. Women experiencing IPV are over-represented in healthcare-seeking populations; however, they are rarely identified as experiencing abuse and are often not provided care directed towards achieving ongoing safety...

AIM: To report a study of emergency nurses' experiences of caring for survivors of intimate partner violence. BACKGROUND: Emergency nurses have the opportunity to intervene during the period following exposure to intimate partner violence when survivors are most receptive for interventions. The confrontation with the trauma of intimate partner violence can, however, affect emergency nurses' ability to engage empathetically with survivors, which is fundamental to all interventions...

BACKGROUND: Domestic violence affects one in four women and has significant health consequences. Women experiencing abuse identify doctors and other health professionals as potential sources of support. Primary care clinicians agree that domestic violence is a healthcare issue but have been reluctant to ask women if they are experiencing abuse. AIM: To measure selected UK primary care clinicians' current levels of knowledge, attitudes, and clinical skills in this area...

BACKGROUND: Recent research has indicated an increase in the severity of head injuries in Switzerland. The aim of the present study was to describe the epidemiological features of cranio-maxillofacial (CMF) injuries due to interpersonal violence in patients at the Bern University Hospital Emergency Department (ED), based on injury patterns. METHODS: Retrospective analysis was performed on data collected during an 11-year period between 1 January 2000 and 31 December 2010 covering 1,585 patients...

BACKGROUND: Women who are victims of domestic violence frequently seek care in an emergency department. However, it is challenging to hold sensitive conversations in this environment. OBJECTIVE: To describe communication about domestic violence between emergency providers and female patients. DESIGN: Analysis of audiotapes made during a randomized, controlled trial of computerized screening for domestic violence. SETTING: 2 socioeconomically diverse emergency departments: one urban and academic, the other suburban and community-based...

CONTEXT: Whether intimate partner violence (IPV) screening reduces violence or improves health outcomes for women is unknown. OBJECTIVE: To determine the effectiveness of IPV screening and communication of positive results to clinicians. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Randomized controlled trial conducted in 11 emergency departments, 12 family practices, and 3 obstetrics/gynecology clinics in Ontario, Canada, among 6743 English-speaking female patients aged 18 to 64 years who presented between July 2005 and December 2006, could be seen individually, and were well enough to participate...