King Devick

OBJECTIVE: To establish test-retest reliability in nonconcussed high school athletes and compare absolute change, reliable change indices (RCIs), and minimal detectable change (MDC) methods for classifying impairment after sport-related concussion. DESIGN: Prospective, repeated measures. SETTING: High schools from the Midwest and Central regions of the United States. PARTICIPANTS: A convenience sample of 772 nonconcussed high school athletes (n = 546 men) completed preseason K-D testing...

Purpose: To test the association between participant King-Devick Test (KDT) times and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) severity and evaluate for improvement after continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment. Methods: Study dates January 30 to July 31, 2018. Patients were referred for initial evaluation of sleep disordered breathing concerns. OSA severities were defined by Apnea Hypopnea Index (AHI) results, with ≥15 considered at least moderate OSA. The KDT is an objective physical measure of brain function...

Sport-related concussion (SRC) is an important public health concern with up to 3.8 million SRCs occurring each year. As the incidence and rate of SRC increases, reliable and valid tools for diagnosis and management are needed. The King-Devick (K-D) test assesses a patient's visual function based on reading a series of numbers as well as counting both time to completion and errors. Its rapid administration time and simplicity make the K-D test a potentially useful SRC diagnostic tool, though limitations exist in baseline testing and what constitutes an abnormal score...

BACKGROUND: The King-Devick test is a timed rapid number naming task that involves complex cerebral functions. The objective of this pilot exploratory study is to determine whether there is a difference in the King-Devick test during a migraine attack compared to the interictal phase. METHODS: We evaluated 29 adult subjects with migraine with aura or migraine without aura. For each participant, we performed King-Devick tests during migraine attacks and interictal phases...

Objective : The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of a fatigue protocol on Vestibular/Ocular Motor Screening (VOMS) performance. Design : Within subjects, repeated measures, crossover. Methods : Fifteen healthy, physically-active participants (22.20 ± 1.424 years) completed 2 sessions under 2 conditions. A pretest VOMS, condition protocol, and a posttest VOMSwere performed. The control condition consisted of rest, while the experimental consisted of a fatigue protocol. Results : The primary outcome measures were VOMS performance scores and Near Point of Convergence (NPC) measurements...

CONTEXT: The King-Devick (KD) test has received considerable attention in the literature as an emerging concussion assessment. However, important test psychometric properties remain to be addressed in large-scale independent studies. OBJECTIVE: To assess (1) test-retest reliability between trials, (2) test-retest reliability between years 1 and 2, and (3) reliability of the 2 administration modes. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING: Collegiate athletic training facilities...

The King-Devick test (K-D) has demonstrated sensitivity as a screener measure of ocular motor and cognitive problems. Despite its empirical support in the assessment of patients with certain injuries and disorders (e.g., concussion, reading disorders), less is known about the construct validity of the K-D. This study examined this topic in an outpatient, diagnostically heterogeneous clinical sample. A total of 70 individuals seen for an outpatient psychoeducational evaluation completed the K-D in addition to measures of intellectual abilities, speeded reading ability, simple and sustained attention, and executive functioning...

CONTEXT: Comprehensive assessments are recommended to evaluate sport-related concussion (SRC). The degree to which the King-Devick (KD) test adds novel information to an SRC evaluation is unknown. OBJECTIVE: To describe relationships at baseline among the KD and other SRC assessments and explore whether the KD provides unique information to a multimodal baseline concussion assessment. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING: Five National Collegiate Athletic Association institutions participating in the Concussion Assessment, Research and Education (CARE) Consortium...

OBJECTIVE: To establish the King-Devick test (KD) performance values for children and adolescents. DESIGN: Prospective cohort. SETTING: Pediatric sports medicine clinics. PARTICIPANTS: Five hundred seven athletes presenting to a pediatric sports medicine clinic for non-concussion-related evaluations. INDEPENDENT VARIABLES: Age, sex, and risk factors for abnormal concussion recovery. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The King-Devick test time...

OBJECTIVE: The King-Devick (K-D) test is a rapid visual screening tool that can assess underlying brain trauma such as concussion via impairments in saccadic rhythm. A new tablet version of the K-D test using randomized numbers is now available, but reliability for this new version and comparison to the traditional K-D test has not yet been reported. Known for learning effects in the test, the aim of this study was to determine test-retest reliability and to compare performance of the new "randomized" version to the "traditional" K-D test version...

CONTEXT: High school athletes with a history of motion sickness susceptibility exhibit higher baseline vestibular and ocular-motor scores than those without a history of motion sickness susceptibility. OBJECTIVE: To examine the effects of motion sickness susceptibility on baseline vestibular and ocular-motor functioning, neurocognitive performance, and symptom scores. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING: Preseason concussion testing...

OBJECTIVES: The primary purpose of this study was to examine vestibular/ocular motor screening (VOMS) test performance in a sample of healthy youth ice hockey players. A particular focus was to investigate the potential effects of age and pre-existing health conditions, including concussion history, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), learning disability (LD), headaches/migraines, and depression/anxiety on preseason baseline VOMS performance, including the near point of convergence (NPC) distance...

OBJECTIVE: This study examined outcomes from the King Devick (K-D) in athletes with Learning Disabilities (LD) and attention disorders (ADHD). METHODS: A total of 574 professional football players from the Canadian Football League (CFL) completed baseline evaluations with computerized neurocognitive testing (CNT) prior to the 2016 competitive season. Player age, education, history of concussion, LD, and ADHD were analyzed for K-D and Immediate Post Concussion Assessment and Cognitive Testing (ImPACT) performance...

OBJECTIVE: This study investigated the diagnostic and prognostic value of the King-Devick (K-D) test in conjunction with treadmill testing in adolescents after sport-related concussion (SRC) in an outpatient concussion management clinic without baseline measures. DESIGN: Prospective cohort. METHODS: The K-D test was administered pre- and post-exercise on a graded treadmill test to acutely concussed (AC, <10 days from injury, n = 46, 15...

OBJECTIVEMigraine history has recently been identified as a risk factor for concussion and recovery. The authors performed a cross-sectional study examining baseline outcome measures on newly developed and implemented concussion assessment tools in pediatrics. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of premorbid, diagnosed migraine headaches as a risk factor on vestibular and oculomotor baseline assessment in pediatric athletes.METHODSPediatric athletes between the ages of 8 and 14 years with a diagnosed history of migraine headache (n = 28) and matched controls without a history of diagnosed migraine headache (n = 28) were administered a baseline concussion assessment battery, consisting of the Vestibular/Ocular Motor Screening (VOMS), near point of convergence (NPC), and the King-Devick (K-D) tests...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To review emerging vision-based assessments in the evaluation of concussion. RECENT FINDINGS: Involvement of the visual pathways is common following concussion, the mildest form of traumatic brain injury. The visual system contains widely distributed networks that are prone to neurophysiologic changes after a concussion, resulting in visual symptoms and ocular motor dysfunction. Vision-based testing is increasingly used to improve detection and assess head injury...

BACKGROUND: Concussion leads to neurophysiologic changes that may result in visual symptoms and changes in ocular motor function. Vision-based testing is used increasingly to improve detection and assess head injury. This review will focus on the historical aspects and emerging data for vision tests, emphasizing rapid automatized naming (RAN) tasks and objective recording techniques, including video-oculography (VOG), as applied to the evaluation of mild traumatic brain injury. METHODS: Searches on PubMed were performed using combinations of the following key words: "concussion," "mild traumatic brain injury," "rapid automatized naming," "King-Devick," "mobile universal lexicon evaluation system," "video-oculography," and "eye-tracking...

OBJECTIVE: To explore differences in baseline King-Devick Test (KD) completion time between 2 testing modalities: (1) spiral-bound paper cards (cards) and (2) iPad application (iPad). DESIGN: Cross-sectional cohort analysis. SETTING: National Collegiate Athlete Association (NCAA) institutions. PARTICIPANTS: Student athletes from 13 women's and 11 men's collegiate sports who completed KD baseline testing as part of their first year in the Concussion Assessment, Research and Education (CARE) Consortium from 2014 to 2016 (n = 2003, 52...

The King-Devick (K-D) test is often used as part of a multimodal assessment to screen for sport-related concussion. However, the test involves reading numbers, and little is known about variation in baseline performance on the K-D by reading skill level. We conducted a cross-sectional study analyzing data from the Concussion Assessment, Research and Education (CARE) Consortium to assess differences in baseline performance on the K-D associated with factors that impact reading skill level (learning disorder [LD] and primary home language other than English [PHLOTE]), while controlling for covariates (gender, type of sport, attentional issues, history of concussion and modality of administration)...

This study's objectives were to assess the test-retest reliability and concurrent validity of the King-Devick Test (KDT) during concussion screening and to analyze potential sport-specific differences in test performance across two sports. Two hundred and sixty-six high school male American football and soccer players recruited from four area high schools participated prior to the fall sports season. Main outcome measures included the KDT and Immediate Post-Concussion Assessment and Cognitive Testing (ImPACT)...