Oncologia

OBJECTIVES: To investigate thalidomide as an adjuvant treatment for canine haemangiosarcoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifteen dogs with splenic haemangiosarcoma, initially treated by splenectomy, were included. Following recovery from surgery, all dogs received thalidomide continuously until their death. Tumour stage was established using CT scans of the chest and abdomen immediately before starting thalidomide treatment and again three months later. Cause of death was confirmed by post mortem examination...

Meningiomas are the most common primary brain tumours in dogs and cats. There are several morphological phenotypes of this extra-axial neoplasm and they show predilections for certain anatomical locations. There have been a number of attempts to apply the current World Health Organization (WHO) classification for human meningiomas to dogs and cats and to obtain a universal classification scheme for domestic animals. Recently, certain enzymes involved in tumour growth have been recognised as biological markers and have been related to degrees of malignancy...

RATIONALE: Non-Hodgkin lymphoma remains an unpredictable condition in pediatric patients. PATIENT CONCERNS: Our first case describes an 8-year-old boy with a history of iron deficiency anemia, admitted in our clinic for recurrent abdominal pain, weight loss, loss of appetite, diarrheic stools, and fever. The second case also describes an 8-year-old boy admitted for abdominal pain and vomiting. The 3rd case refers to a 4 years and 10 months old boy admitted in our clinic with abdominal pain and loss of appetite, who was initially admitted in the Pediatrics Surgery Clinic with the suspicion of appendicitis...

OBJECTIVE To describe signalment, clinicopathologic features, and outcomes of dogs with confirmed primary intestinal lymphoma and assess factors associated with survival times in these patients. DESIGN Retrospective case series. ANIMALS 84 client-owned dogs. PROCEDURES Medical records from 7 veterinary institutions were retrospectively reviewed to identify dogs with primary intestinal lymphoma. Data collected included signalment, clinical signs, anatomic location of tumors, diagnostic procedures, treatment, outcome, and dates of diagnosis and death...

Malignant lymphoma B-cell type is the most common canine haematopoietic malignancy. Changes in intestinal microbiota have been implicated in few types of cancer in humans. The aim of this prospective and case-control study was to determine differences in faecal microbiota between healthy control dogs and dogs with multicentric lymphoma. Twelve dogs affected by multicentric, B-cell, stage III-IV lymphoma, and 21 healthy dogs were enrolled in the study. For each dog, faecal samples were analysed by Illumina sequencing of 16S rRNA genes and quantitative PCR (qPCR) for selected bacterial groups...

OBJECTIVES: To report the clinical presentation, treatment and prognosis of dogs with low-grade gastrointestinal lymphoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cases were solicited from the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine Oncology Diplomate listserv. Medical records of dogs with low-grade gastrointestinal lymphoma diagnosed via a combination of histology and immunohistochemistry with or without analysis of polymerase chain reaction for antigen receptor rearrangement were included...

This retrospective study evaluated the outcomes of dogs with macroscopic pulmonary metastasis of appendicular osteosarcoma (OSA) treated with toceranib. Medical records of 20 dogs with macroscopic pulmonary metastasis of OSA that received toceranib were reviewed. The median dose and duration of toceranib administration were 2.52 mg/kg (range: 2.12 to 2.72 mg/kg) and 60 days (range: 17 to 231 days). The median progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were 36 days (range: 17 to 231 days) and 90 days (range: 17 to 433 days), respectively...

Pseudolymphoma is a drug reaction to anti-epileptics that is well recognized in humans; it has been reported in one cat but not dogs. In this report, lymphoma-like clinical signs are suspected to be secondary to phenobarbital administration in a dog. A 2.5-year-old male, neutered Shepherd mix presented for a 3-day history of progressive ataxia, dazed mentation, pyrexia, and lethargy. While hospitalized, the dog developed generalized lymphadenopathy and sustained pyrexia. The dog was receiving levetiracetam and phenobarbital for epilepsy, and serum concentrations of both were within standard therapeutic ranges...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Spontaneous lymphoma in pet dogs is increasingly recognized as an ideal model for studying the disease in humans and for developing new targeted therapeutics for patients. Increasing interest by funding agencies, the private sector, and multidisciplinary academic collaborations between different disciplines and sectors now enables large knowledge gaps to be addressed and provides additional proof-of-concept examples to showcase the significance of the canine model. RECENT FINDINGS: The current review addresses the rationale for a canine lymphoma model including the valuable role it can play in drug development, serving as a link between mouse xenograft models and human clinical trials and the infrastructure that is now in place to facilitate these studies...

Overall, canine lymphoma remains one of the most chemotherapy-responsive cancers in the dog. In addition to the stage and the substage of disease, T cell phenotype is the most consistently important prognostic factor. T cell lymphoma (TCL) in dogs is a heterogeneous disease; dogs with a separate entity of indolent TCL can have a considerably better prognosis than dogs with other forms of lymphoma, and indolent TCL may not always require immediate treatment. In contrast, high-grade TCL is an aggressive disease, and when treated with CHOP-based protocols, dogs with this high-grade TCL have a complete remission rate as low as 40 per cent, relapse earlier and have shorter survival time than dogs with a comparable stage, high-grade B cell lymphoma...

Canine lymphoma (cL) is a common type of neoplasia in dogs with an estimated incidence rate of 20-100 cases per 100,000 dogs and is in many respects comparable to non-Hodgkin lymphoma in humans. Although the exact cause is unknown, environmental factors and genetic susceptibility are thought to play an important role. cL is not a single disease, and a wide variation in clinical presentations and histological subtypes is recognized. Despite this potential variation, most dogs present with generalized lymphadenopathy (multicentric form) and intermediate to high-grade lymphoma, more commonly of B-cell origin...