Ocular presentation and successful outcome of invasive sphenoid sinus aspergillosis in acute myelogenous leukemia.

We report the case of a 73-year-old male with acute myelogenous leukemia, who progressively developed a cavernous sinus syndrome during the aplastic phase after induction chemotherapy. Although the clinical, serological and radiological findings suggested an invasive sphenoid sinus aspergillosis, endoscopic ethmoido-sphenoidectomy allowed definitive diagnosis of the infection. After surgery, fungal eradication and reversal of the neurophtalmological damage paralleled complete hematologic remission. The differential diagnoses of the patient ocular symptoms are discussed. Early recognition, prompt intervention and immunologic reconstitution are essential for successful outcome of paranasal mycoses in immunosuppressed patients.