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Neighborhood resources and risk of cognitive decline among a community-dwelling long-term care population in the U.S.
Public health in practice. 2023 December
OBJECTIVE: To examine the associations between neighborhood resources (i.e., number of restaurants, recreation centers, or social services for seniors and persons with disability per land area) and cognitive decline among a community-dwelling long-term care population and whether they differ by baseline cognition status.
STUDY DESIGN: Prospective longitudinal cohort study.
METHODS: We used a longitudinal dataset that assessed over a two-year period older adults receiving state-funded home- and community-based services in Michigan Metropolitan areas (N = 9,802) and applied nonlinear mixed models with a random intercept with Poisson distribution.
RESULTS: Cognitively intact older adults were less likely to experience cognitive decline when they resided in resource-rich neighborhoods, compared to those cognitively intact but living in neighborhoods that lacked resources. But their cognitively impaired or dementia-diagnosed counterparts did not similarly benefit from living in neighborhoods with rich resources.
CONCLUSIONS: Neighborhood resources may be an important aspect of intervention to mitigate cognitive decline before older adults become cognitively impaired.
STUDY DESIGN: Prospective longitudinal cohort study.
METHODS: We used a longitudinal dataset that assessed over a two-year period older adults receiving state-funded home- and community-based services in Michigan Metropolitan areas (N = 9,802) and applied nonlinear mixed models with a random intercept with Poisson distribution.
RESULTS: Cognitively intact older adults were less likely to experience cognitive decline when they resided in resource-rich neighborhoods, compared to those cognitively intact but living in neighborhoods that lacked resources. But their cognitively impaired or dementia-diagnosed counterparts did not similarly benefit from living in neighborhoods with rich resources.
CONCLUSIONS: Neighborhood resources may be an important aspect of intervention to mitigate cognitive decline before older adults become cognitively impaired.
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