A clinical case of successful palliative endovascular treatment of a patient with a single ventricle, mitral valve atresia, an intact atrial septum and persistent cardinal vein.

BACKGROUND: Treatment of newborns with univentricular hemodynamics in combination with an anomaly of pulmonary venous return has the worst correction results in modern cardiac surgical papers. According to the data obtained by different authors, postoperative mortality in this cohort of patients varies from 41.7 to 53%. The presence of the venous outflow tract obstruction, as well as the serious condition of a newborn, is one of the main factors that increase the risk of death in the postoperative period.

CASE PRESENTATION: This article reveals a clinical case of a patient with a combined heart disease prenatally diagnosed in the form of a functionally single ventricle with a double outlet of the main vessels from it, mitral valve atresia, an intact atrial septum and an anomaly of venous return, when the blood outflow from the left atrium was carried out through a single fetal communication such as stenotic cardinal vein. In order to stabilize the patient's condition, the newborn urgently underwent stenting of the stenotic section of the cardinal vein. However, due to the lack of positive dynamics in the postoperative period, the child underwent repeated endovascular intervention and stenting of the intraoperatively created interatrial communication was performed. Taking into account the absence of obstruction of the outflow tract to the pulmonary artery, it was necessary to perform an open surgical intervention in a short time such as pulmonary artery banding.

CONCLUSIONS: Thus, palliative endovascular intervention in critically ill neonates with univentricular hemodynamics and anomalous pulmonary venous return can be considered as a method of choice that can become a new safer strategy for managing infants in order to stabilize the condition before the main stage of surgical intervention comes.