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Multi-year monitoring of bird communities in chlorpyrifos-treated orchards in Spain and UK: Spatial and temporal trends in species-composition, abundance and site-fidelity.
Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 2019 January 10
The relationship between agricultural practices and the welfare of wild birds has gained increased attention over the last decades. To assess potential effects of chlorpyrifos (CHP) on the bird community, a multi-year multi-site monitoring program was carried out in treated pome orchards (UK) and treated citrus orchards (Spain). Constant-effort mist netting was conducted during several consecutive years in UK (2012-2014) and Spain (2010-2012). The general structure of the bird community and the presence of breeding species were analysed. Twelve and eleven bird species (out of 81 and 45 trapped) in Spain and UK, respectively, exceeded the 2% dominance value. For a selection of 6 species in citrus and 4 in pome orchards, N-mixture models were fitted to the number of trapped birds. The abundance of most species was strongly and significantly affected by seasonality. No species showed any indication of reduction in population size over the years. The results of this extensive field program support the indications that CHP spray applications present a low risk to the bird community over the years.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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