Using the Healthy Days Measure to Assess Factors Associated with Poor Health-Related Quality of Life for Patients with Metastatic Breast, Lung, or Colorectal Cancer Enrolled in a Medicare Advantage Health Plan.

This study investigated factors associated with patient-reported health-related quality of life (HRQoL) using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Healthy Days tool for patients with Medicare Advantage undergoing treatment for metastatic breast, lung, and colorectal cancer. In 2015, a total of 6390 patients were mailed surveys regarding factors that may influence their HRQoL, including cancer-related symptoms and patient-reported medication adherence. HRQoL was measured as the number of physically and mentally unhealthy days experienced in the past 30 days and summed for the total number of unhealthy days. Frequent unhealthy days was defined as ≥14 total unhealthy days in the prior month. Of 1567 respondents, the mean number of total unhealthy days (standard deviation) was 14.0 (11.9) with 46.2% experiencing frequent unhealthy days. On average, patients reported 10.5 (10.5) physically and 6.7 (9.4) mentally unhealthy days. Cancer-related symptoms, particularly pain and fatigue, were significantly associated with increased unhealthy days. In adjusted models, patients with pain had 83.3% more unhealthy days than patients without pain; patients with fatigue had 98.4% more unhealthy days than patients without fatigue. Nausea/vomiting, diarrhea/constipation, and shortness of breath also were associated with more unhealthy days. Low adherence to comorbidity medications was associated with 17.2% more unhealthy days. Cancer-related symptoms, most notably pain and fatigue, as well as low adherence to comorbidity medication, were associated with worse HRQoL for patients with metastatic cancer. Interventions aimed at ameliorating symptoms and improving adherence to comorbidity medications may improve quality of life for patients undergoing cancer treatment.