Using photo-elicitation and interpretative phenomenological analysis to explore possessions as links to self-concept and the identities of others in hoarding disorder.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to explore the importance of possessions as extensions of self-concept and connections to significant others for people that hoard.

DESIGN: A total of 10 participants were recruited through hoarding group treatment programmes. Participants photographed significant possessions in their home and discussed these in semi-structured interviews.

RESULTS: Analysis of transcripts using interpretative phenomenological analysis revealed three interrelated superordinate themes: (1) time travels with you; (2) possessions are me, they're a reflection of my life; and (3) they're linked: I look at them and I think of people. Challenging early life factors were the source of significant self-uncertainty. Possessions were often touchstones of self-confidence and reminders of both positive and negative relationships.

CONCLUSIONS: The results highlight the many dimensions of possessions' links to both self-concept and the identities of others, providing a distinct contribution to the hoarding literature. Implications for future research and treatment are discussed.

PRACTITIONER POINTS: Problematic attachments to items may be formed as a compensatory response to challenging early life experiences. Possessions may reflect self-confidence, uniqueness, and be perceived to be physical extensions of who people that hoard are. Belongings can be reminders of interpersonal relationships for people that hoard.