Gastrointestinal complications in patients treated with ipilimumab and nivolumab combination therapy or monotherapy.

Aim & methods: A retrospective study using the IBM Explorys Universe Database assessed the risk of gastrointestinal events (enterocolitis or diarrhea) among melanoma and lung cancer patients treated with ipilimumab and nivolumab combination or monotherapy. Results & conclusion: There were 904 melanoma patients (607 ipilimumab, 140 nivolumab and 157 combo) and 1641 lung cancer patients (68 ipilimumab, 1542 nivolumab and 31 combo). Approximately, 37% of lung patients and 46% of melanoma patients experienced at least one adverse event. After adjusting for covariates, patients receiving combination therapy were more likely to have a gastrointestinal event compared with ipilimumab monotherapy patients (melanoma hazard ratio: 1.54; 95% CI: 1.06-2.25; lung hazard ratio: 2.93; 95% CI: 1.09-7.89).