Structural and biological study of synthesized anthraquinone series of compounds with sulfonamide feature.

1, 4 and 5, 8- positions as well as type of functionalities on these positions at anthraquinone-9, 10-dione are proposed to be significant for anticancer activity. Therefore, keeping this in to consideration, series of 1-substituted anthraquinone based compounds are designed, synthesized, characterized and biologically evaluated for anticancer activity. The structure of synthesized compounds are confirmed by spectroscopic analysis i.e. 1D (1 H and 13 C) NMR, ESI-MS studies, FT-IR tools. Synthesized 1-substituted anthraquinone compounds showed cytotoxic effect against MCF-7, PC-3 and Hep2C (Hela derivative) cell lines. All the compounds showed mild antibacterial property in comparison to standard antibiotic streptomycin against Gram + ve and -ve bacteria. They also exhibit mild antifungal activity. In-vitro ct-DNA binding studies of synthesized series using UV-Visible, Fluorescence tools indicates partial intercalative mode of binding. Electronic properties of synthesized analogues and Mitoxantrone are compared using HOMO-LUMO calculation. Low energy gap between HOMO-LUMO of 1-substituted antharaquinone compounds indicates the highly charged structure of the molecules in comparison to mitoxantrone and same is proposed to be responsible for comparable cytotoxic activities of the synthesized 1-substituted anthraquinone molecules. Docking interaction of synthesized 1-substituted anthraquinone compounds and i-motif sequence indicates intercalative mode of binding of compounds with telomeric junction.