Human Papillomavirus Prevalence Among American Indian Women of the Great Plains.

Background: High-risk human papillomavirus (HrHPV) causes cervical cancer. In the U.S., approximately 40% of women aged 14-59 years from all racial and ethnic groups are infected with HPV, and prevalence typically declines with age. However, American Indian women are insufficiently sampled to permit a population-specific estimate of HrHPV prevalence.

Methods: Vaginal swabs were self-collected by 698 AI women aged 21-65 years from a tribal community in the Great Plains. We estimated the population prevalence of HrHPV and identified predominant genotypes.

Results: The combined prevalence of HrHPV genotypes 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, 59, 66, and 68 was 34.8%. HPV-51 (7.6%), HPV-58 (5.3%), HPV-52 (4.3%), HPV-18 (4.3%), and HPV-16 (3.9%) were most prevalent. HrHPV prevalence declined with age, from 42.2% in women aged 21-24 years to 27.9% in women aged 50-65 years.

Conclusion: HPV-51 was the single most prevalent oncogenic genotype. The combined prevalence of HrHPV among AI women in our sample was high, particularly among women aged 50-65 years, for whom HrHPV prevalence was approximately triple that of other races. Cervical cancer screening efforts should be increased particularly among women from the community aged 30 years and older.