Transient Receptor Potential Canonical 3 and Nuclear Factor of Activated T-cells C3 Signaling Pathway Critically Regulates Myocardial Fibrosis.

AIMS: Cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) are emerging as major contributors to myocardial fibrosis (MF), a final common pathway of many etiologies of heart disease. Here, we studied the functional relevance of transient receptor potential canonical 3 (TRPC3) channels and nuclear factor of activated T-cells c3 (NFATc3) signaling in rodent and human ventricular CFs, and whether their modulation would limit MF.

RESULTS: A positive-feedback loop between TRPC3 and NFATc3 drove a rat ventricular CF fibrotic phenotype. In these cells, polyphenols (P.E.) decreased basal and angiotensin II-mediated Ca2+ entries through a direct modulation of TRPC3 channels and subsequently NFATc3 signaling, abrogating myofibroblast differentiation, fibrosis and inflammation as well as an oxidative stress-associated phenotype. N(ω)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) hypertensive rats developed coronary perivascular, sub-epicardial and interstitial fibrosis with induction of embryonic epicardial progenitor transcription factors in activated CFs. P.E. treatment reduced ventricular CF activation by modulating TRPC3-NFATc3 pathway, and ameliorated echocardiographic parameters, cardiac stress markers and MF in L-NAME hypertensive rats independently of blood pressure regulation. Furthermore, genetic deletion (TRPC3-/-) and pharmacological channel blockade with Pyr10 blunted ventricular CF activation and MF in L-NAME hypertensive mice. Finally, TRPC3 was present in human ventricular CFs and upregulated in MF, whereas pharmacological modulation of TRPC3-NFATc3 decreased proliferation and collagen secretion. Innovation and Conclusion: We demonstrate that TRPC3-NFATc3 signaling is modulated by P.E. and critically regulates ventricular CF phenotype and MF. These findings strongly argue for P.E., through TRPC3 targeting, as potential and interesting therapeutics for MF management.