13 C Tracer Analysis and Metabolomics in 3D Cultured Cancer Cells.

Metabolomics and 13 C tracer analysis are state-of-the-art techniques that allow determining the concentration of metabolites and the activity of metabolic pathways, respectively. Three dimensional (3D) cultures of cancer cells constitute an enriched in vitro environment that can be used to assay anchorage-independent growth, spheroid formation, and extracellular matrix production by (cancer) cells. Here, we describe how to perform metabolomics and 13 C tracer analysis in 3D cultures of cancer cells.