Helioscopianoids A-Q, bioactive jatrophane diterpenoid esters from Euphorbia helioscopia .

The EtOH extracts of the whole plants of Euphorbia helioscopia afforded 17 new jatrophane diterpenoid esters, helioscopianoids A-Q ( 1 - 17 ), along with eight known compounds ( 18 - 25 ). Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic methods and Mo2 (OAc)4 -induced ECD analysis, and the structures of compounds 1 , 2 , and 7 were confirmed by X-ray crystallography. Compounds 1 - 17 were evaluated for inhibitory effects on P-glycoprotein (P-gp) in an adriamycin (ADM)-resistant human breast adenocarcinoma cell line (MCF-7/ADR) and neuroprotective effects against serum deprivation-induced and rotenone-induced PC12 cell damage. Compounds 8 and 16 increased the accumulation of ADM in MCF-7/ADR cells by approximately 3-fold at a concentration of 20 μmol/L. Compound 8 could attenuate rotenone-induced PC12 cell damage, and compounds 2 , 8 , and 12 showed neuroprotective activities against serum deprivation-induced PC12 cell damage.