Short and long-term effects of pulmonary rehabilitation in interstitial lung diseases: a randomised controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: Few data are available on the long-term effect of pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) and on long PR programs in interstitial lung diseases (ILD). We aimed to evaluate the effects of PR on exercise capacity (6-Minute Walking Distance, 6MWD; Peak Work Rate, Wmax ), quality of life (St George's Respiratory Questionnaire, SGRQ), quadriceps force (QF) and objectively measured physical activity in ILD after the 6-month PR-program and after 1 year.

METHODS: 60 patients (64 ± 11 years; 62% males; 23% with IPF) were randomly assigned to receive a 6 month-PR program or usual medical care.

RESULTS: Exercise capacity, quality of life and muscle force increased significantly after the program as compared to control (mean,95%CI[ll to ul]; 6MWD + 72,[36 to 108] m; Wmax 19, [8 to 29]%pred; SGRQ - 12,[- 19 to - 6] points; QF 10, [1 to 18] %pred). The gain was sustained after 1 year (6MWD 73,[28 to 118] m; Wmax 23, [10 to 35]%pred; SGRQ - 11,[- 18 to - 4] points; QF 9.5, [1 to 18] %pred). Physical activity did not change.

CONCLUSIONS: PR improves exercise tolerance, health status and muscle force in ILD. The benefits are maintained at 1-year follow-up. The intervention did not change physical activity.

TRIAL REGISTRATION: Clinicaltrials.gov NCT00882817 .