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Physical activity in premenopausal women with asymptomatic peripheral arterial disease.

: Physical activity is considered very useful in the prevention of cardiovascular disease. The present study aims to evaluate the role of physical activity in women with high adherence to a Mediterranean diet and its correlation with asymptomatic atherosclerosis. A group of 425 premenopausal women (mean age 48 ± 9 years) was evaluated. They completed the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) developed by the World Health Organization, validated for the Italian population, to assess the degree of physical activity participation. The questionnaire classified physical activity as vigorous intensity, moderate intensity, and walking. Diet was assessed by a self-administered food frequency validated questionnaire completed by an interviewer-administered at 24 h diet recall. As a marker of preclinical evaluation we measured ankle-brachial index (ABI). We observed that level of physical activity was inversely associated with ABI suggesting a protective effect on preclinical atherosclerosis. Women who belonged to the highly active group (health-enhancing physical activity) were also those who had a greater adherence to the Mediterranean diet and had a lower body mass index. HEPA active women showed less instrumental signs of preclinical peripheral atherosclerosis. We can suggest that physical activity plays an important role in the prevention of atherosclerosis in premenopausal women.

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