Functional Mandibular Reconstruction With Double-Barrel Fibular Flap and Primary Osseointegrated Dental Implants Improve Facial Esthetic Outcome.

PURPOSE: Osseointegrated dental implants in fibula free flaps can be used to reconstruct segmental mandibular defects resulting from head and neck resections. The double-barrel fibula flap (DBFF) has been applied as a modified method to overcome insufficient fibular width. This article describes the use of the DBFF with simultaneous dental implant placement as a superior method for esthetic mandibular reconstruction.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: From 2012 to 2015, 26 patients underwent mandibular reconstruction with a free fibula flap and immediate dental implant placement after segmental mandibulectomies. Twelve patients received the DBFF and the other 14 patients received the conventional single-barrel fibula flap (SBFF). Palatal mucosal grafting was performed when necessary. Functional and esthetic outcomes were evaluated after 31 to 45 months of follow-up.

RESULTS: All microvascular fibula transplantations were successful. All patients completed prosthodontic rehabilitation. The mean follow-up of patients after reconstruction was 36.3 months (range, 31 to 45 months). The facial esthetic score was significantly higher in patients treated with the DBFF than with the SBFF after 24 and 30 months (P < .05). There was no significant difference in marginal bone resorption between the DBFF and SBFF groups (P > .05).

CONCLUSIONS: This 1-stage surgical method is safe and reliable. Use of the DBFF markedly decreased the height discrepancy between the native and new mandible and achieved a better lower face esthetic outcome than the SBFF. Osseointegrated dental implantation was adequate to achieve satisfactory dental rehabilitation in the DBFF group.