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Journal Article
Review
Spontaneous epimutations in plants.
New Phytologist 2018 September 15
Contents Summary I. Introduction II. What is the rate and molecular spectrum of spontaneous epimutations? III. Do spontaneous epimutations have phenotypic consequences? IV. Conclusion and discussion Acknowledgements References SUMMARY: Heritable gains or losses of cytosine methylation can arise stochastically in plant genomes independently of DNA sequence changes. These so-called 'spontaneous epimutations' appear to be a byproduct of imperfect DNA methylation maintenance and epigenome reinforcement events that occur in specialized cell types. There is continued interest in the plant epigenetics community in trying to understand the broader implications of these stochastic events, as some have been shown to induce heritable gene expression changes, shape patterns of methylation diversity within and among plant populations, and appear to be responsive to multi-generational environmental stressors. In this paper we synthesized our current knowledge of the molecular basis and functional consequences of spontaneous epimutations in plants, discuss technical and conceptual challenges, and highlight emerging research directions.
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