Automated spectra analysis of in situ radioactivity measurements in the marine environment using NaI(Tl) detector.

The NaI(Tl) detector has become the main way of research and application of in-situ radioactivity measurement in the marine environment due to many advantages on detection efficiency, power consumption, cost and applicability. But for the poor energy resolution and there is a high background in the low energy region of the spectrum measured mainly originating from the Compton scattering of natural radionuclides such as 40 K with high concentrations in seawater, it is difficult and also an interesting topic for NaI(Tl) detector to identificate the radionuclides and calculate them in seawater by analyzing the spectra measured. In this paper, an in situ NaI(Tl) detector developed for the marine environment was energy, resolution and efficiency calibrated. The detection response matrix was calculated by taking all the responsible processes and interactions of gamma rays in water as well as in the detector into account using Monte Carlo simulation method. And then an improved Richardson-Lucy (R-L) deconvolution algorithm was proposed to reconstruct the gamma spectrum measured in the seawater to remove as efficiently as possible the background counts into the corresponding photopeaks. The original spectrum was transformed from poor energy resolution to the corresponding deconvolution spectrum of the high energy resolution with several isolated photopeaks. The experiments of synthetic spectrum and measured spectrum both showed promising results for the radionuclide qualitative and quantitative analysis.