[The Priority Directions of Children Health Support in Conditions of the Region During the Great Patriotic War].

The article presents analysis of state of children health care in Kabardino-Balkaria during the Great Patriotic War (1941-1945). The significant hardships are demonstrated concerning children health support during German occupation in winter 1942-1943 and during post-occupation period. The significant increase of morbidity children infections, especially measles, undernourishment, hard domestic conditions were specific for this period. The main causes of high mortality among children were pneumonia, acute diseases of gastro-intestinal tract, whooping cough, scarlatina, diphtheria. The acute deficiency of medical personnel and untimely implementation of planned inoculations resulted indecreasing of the level of preventive activities among children population. The number of children consultations shortened twice. The special significance for development of pediatric service played organization of municipal and district pediatricians, preventive appointments of healthy children and home-nursing activities at the pediatric districts. The development of children health care characterized by increasing of load on medical institutions, implementation of emergency activities under guidance of departments organized by the Narkomzdrav of the Republic. A significant portion of activities was implemented by public organizations. The foundations of support of children evacuated ti the Republic and foundations of support of orphan children were organized.