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Associations of state-level rates of depression and fatal opioid overdose in the United States, 2011-2015.
Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology 2019 January
PURPOSE: To assess the relationship between state-level depression and opioid overdose deaths between 2011 and 2015 in the United States.
METHODS: We assessed the association between percent of state populations reporting depression diagnoses and number of opioid analgesic-related deaths using negative binomial generalized estimating equations.
RESULTS: A 1% point increase in state-level depression diagnoses was associated with a 26% (95% CI 1-58%) increase in opioid analgesic-related deaths.
CONCLUSIONS: Addressing depression in the provider-patient relationship may be important, as may be addressing the mental health provider shortage in the United States.
METHODS: We assessed the association between percent of state populations reporting depression diagnoses and number of opioid analgesic-related deaths using negative binomial generalized estimating equations.
RESULTS: A 1% point increase in state-level depression diagnoses was associated with a 26% (95% CI 1-58%) increase in opioid analgesic-related deaths.
CONCLUSIONS: Addressing depression in the provider-patient relationship may be important, as may be addressing the mental health provider shortage in the United States.
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