We have located links that may give you full text access.
Sex- and Strain-related Differences in the Stress Response of Mice to CO₂ Euthanasia.
The 2013 edition of the AVMA Guidelines for the Euthanasia of Animals recommends a 10% to 30% volume displacement rate (VDR) per minute for CO2 euthanasia of rodents. Here we sought to evaluate behavior and plasma catecholamine levels in multiple strains of male and female mice, euthanized individually or in a group, with CO2 VDR of 10% to 100%. Behavioral observations included ataxia, labored breathing, time to recumbency, time to surgical plane of anesthesia, and the number of jumps or paws at the face during the euthanasia process. Behaviors did not differ significantly between male and female mice at any of the VDR, but interstrain differences occurred. Slower VDR resulted in longer periods of ataxia and labored breathing regardless of euthanasia as a group or as an individual. In addition, mice jumped and pawed at the face more often with slower VDR than higher. At all VDR, mice euthanized as a group had lower catecholamine levels than mice euthanized individually, but there were no significant differences between VDR. Time to recumbency and time to surgical plane anesthesia were longer with slower displacement rates; in addition, these parameters were prolonged for mice euthanized as a group compared with individually. Overall, faster VDR do not appear to be more distressful than slower rates. In fact, faster VDR shorten the time during which mice might experience distress prior to recumbency.
Full text links
Related Resources
Trending Papers
Challenges in Septic Shock: From New Hemodynamics to Blood Purification Therapies.Journal of Personalized Medicine 2024 Februrary 4
Molecular Targets of Novel Therapeutics for Diabetic Kidney Disease: A New Era of Nephroprotection.International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2024 April 4
The 'Ten Commandments' for the 2023 European Society of Cardiology guidelines for the management of endocarditis.European Heart Journal 2024 April 18
A Guide to the Use of Vasopressors and Inotropes for Patients in Shock.Journal of Intensive Care Medicine 2024 April 14
Get seemless 1-tap access through your institution/university
For the best experience, use the Read mobile app
All material on this website is protected by copyright, Copyright © 1994-2024 by WebMD LLC.
This website also contains material copyrighted by 3rd parties.
By using this service, you agree to our terms of use and privacy policy.
Your Privacy Choices
You can now claim free CME credits for this literature searchClaim now
Get seemless 1-tap access through your institution/university
For the best experience, use the Read mobile app