Cryopreservation of Plagiognathops microlepis sperm.

Sperm was collected from cultured male fish and cryopreserved in 0.25 mL straws for the study of sperm cryopreservation. Different parameters were evaluated, including extender, dilution ratio, cryoprotectant type and concentration, equilibrium time, cooling height (in a two-step cooling protocol), and thawing temperature. The optimum result was obtained when the sperm was diluted at a 1:7 ratio in D-16 with 5% DMSO as a cryoprotectant, equilibrated for 20 min, held at 3 cm above liquid nitrogen for 10 min, and then stored in liquid nitrogen. After thawing in a water bath at 40 °C, the percentage of motile cells and fertilization rates of frozen-thawed sperm were 35.33 ± 2.52% and 39.00 ± 4.58%, respectively, while the corresponding rates for fresh sperm were 87.67 ± 3.06% and 88.67 ± 4.62%. We also used a programmed cooling protocol in which temperature was decreased from 4 °C to -80 °C by a rate of 30 °C/min, and then straws (0.25 ml) were placed above the surface of liquid nitrogen for 2 min before being stored in liquid nitrogen. This protocol provided a post-thaw activation rate of 36.67 ± 4.77%. Further parametric optimization is required to improve the quality of frozen-thawed sperm.