Intense laser filament-solid interactions from near-ultraviolet to mid-infrared.

Studies of high-power ultrashort laser pulse interaction with matter are not only of fundamental scientific interest, but are also highly relevant to applications in the domain of remote sensing. Here, we investigate the effect of laser wavelength on coupling of femtosecond laser filaments to solid targets. Three central wavelengths have been used to produce filaments: 0.4, 0.8, and 2.0 µm. We find that, unlike the case of conventional tight focusing, use of shorter wavelengths does not necessarily produce more efficient ablation. This is explained by increased multi-photon absorption arising in near-UV filamentation. Investigations of filament-induced plasma dynamics and its thermodynamic parameters provide the foundation for unveiling the interplay between wavelength-dependent filament ablation mechanisms. In this way, strategies to increase the sensitivity of material detection via this technique may be better understood, thereby improving the analytical performance in this class of applications.