[A rare cause of cryptorchidism, the persistence of müllerian ducts syndrome].

The Persistent Müllerian Ducts Syndrome (PMDS) is a rare congenital syndrome. It is one of abnormalities of genito-sexual development that is found on the normally virilized boy (46XY). It is characterized by the development of both Wolf structures and Müller duct. The pathophysiology can be explained by an action deficit of the anti-müllerian hormone (AMH). Its clinical presentations vary depending on the localization of the testis and the associated symptoms. Its discovery is mostly fortuitous and generally made in per-operative surgery of cryptorchidism or inguinal hernia. Treatment should be surgical. It relies on two aspects : ensuring the testicular descent and performing the excision of the müllerian duct. The follow-up is identical to the cryptorchid testes and the fertility problems will be influenced by the surgical procedure as well as the timing of the treatment.