RADIATION DOSE FROM DENTAL RADIOGRAPHY IN INDONESIA: A FIVE-YEAR SURVEY.

Dose metrics on intraoral and panoramic dental radiography were analyzed to preliminarily indicate dose trend of dental radiology equipment in Indonesia. Measurements were performed in 71 healthcare institutions involving a total of 92 dental X-ray devices. Imaging modes are categorized into 'low dose' and 'high dose' based on the task. The 75th percentile for intraoral IAK was 2.8 and 4.3 mGy for 'low' and 'high' dose modes, respectively while for panoramic devices the 75th percentile of the KAP for 'low' and 'high' dose modes were 85.2 and 192.4 mGy cm2, respectively. Results compared with local regulatory recommendation for intraoral units indicated that 38.8 and 6.3% of measured dose modes on analogue and digital devices, respectively, were above the recommended range. The dose trend can be used as reference for local regulations concerning patient dose in dental radiography and preliminary value prior to the establishment of national diagnostic reference level.