Predictors of Lifetime Suicide Attempts in Individuals With Attenuated Psychosis Syndrome.

BACKGROUND: A strong association has been shown to exist between schizophrenia and suicide; however, research examining suicidality in the prodromal phase of psychotic disorders is limited. This study aimed to meet this need by examining potential risk factors for lifetime suicide attempts in a population of individuals with attenuated psychosis syndrome (APS), as defined in the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders as a condition for further study.

METHODS: A retrospective chart review was conducted to identify individuals with APS during a 5-year period across a large medical university's inpatient and outpatient settings. Sociodemographic and clinical factors were examined in relation to suicide attempts to identify risk factors for suicide attempts. χ analyses were used to analyze dichotomous variables, and t test analyses were used to compare means of continuous predictors among those with versus without suicide attempts. Final analyses consisted of fitting multivariate logistic regression models to control for sociodemographic factors.

RESULTS: In total, 26.3% of the APS population had at least 1 lifetime suicide attempt. Six covariates were found to be statistically significant predictors of suicide attempts: Axis II disorders (P=0.006); history of trauma as a whole (P=0.022); the subcategory of sexual trauma (P=0.005); tobacco use (P=0.039); family history of nonpsychotic Axis I disorders (P=0.042); and number of hospitalizations (P=0.001).

CONCLUSIONS: Suicidality is a prominent feature of APS, and a number of risk factors increase the likelihood of suicide attempts in this population.