LDL-Cholesterol Is Not the Only Clinically Relevant Biomarker for Coronary Artery Disease or Acute Coronary Syndrome.

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a progressive disorder and its risk is best determined using multiple biomarkers and risk factors. Many novel biomarkers have been shown to improve cardiovascular disease risk beyond that of the traditional risk factors, including polygenic risk scores, small very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), ApoB, triglycerides (TG), non-HDL-c, lipoprotein (a) (Lp(a)), coronary calcium scores, C-reactive protein (CRP), B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), troponins, and many other novel biomarkers that have been measured using high throughput assays.