Evaluation of the diabetes in pregnancy study group of India criteria and Carpenter-Coustan criteria in the diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus.

Objective: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as any degree of glucose intolerance that is diagnosed for the first time during pregnancy. This prospective study was undertaken to validate the single-step non-fasting 75 gm Diabetes in Pregnancy Study Group of India (DIPSI) criteria of GDM in Indian patients in comparison with the two-step fasting 100 gm glucose challenge through the Carpenter Coustan criteria (CCC).

Materials and Methods: Two hundred patients underwent comparative testing using the DIPSI criteria and CCC. Plasma venous blood glucose levels were estimated using the hexokinase method; values ≥140 mg/dL at 2 hours were considered positive according to the DIPSI criteria. Any two values from ≥95 mg/dL for fasting, ≥180 mg/dL at 1 hour, ≥155 mg/dL at 2 hours, and ≥140 mg/dL at 3 hours were considered positive with the CCC.

Results: The mean age and body mass index were 24.26±3.75 years and 20.7±3.07 kg/m2. The sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of the DIPSI guidelines were found as 100%, 97.14%, 83.87%, and 100%, respectively. The positive and negative likelihood ratios were 35.8 and zero. Diagnostic accuracy was found as 97.56%.

Conclusion: DIPSI having high sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value and diagnostic accuracy. DIPSI offers simplicity, feasibility, convenience, and repeatability while economizing universal screening and diagnosis of GDM on a mass-scale. The DIPSI procedure has the potential to be applied to the entire obstetric population, in the implementation of public health programs to diagnose GDM in the community, thus reaching the needs of the developing world.