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Evaluation of Serum Paired MicroRNA Ratios for Differential Diagnosis of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer and Benign Pulmonary Diseases.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To clarify whether there are different expressions between lung cancer and benign pulmonary diseases, we studied seven microRNAs (miRNAs) in serum from patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), benign pulmonary nodules and four pulmonary inflammation diseases.

METHODS: We detected the expression of miRNAs using quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR).

RESULTS: We found that five miRNA ratios-miR-15b-5p/miR-146b-3p, miR-20a-5p/miR-146b-3p, miR-19a-3p/miR-146b-3p, miR-92a-3p/miR-146b-3p, and miR-16-5p/miR-146b-3p-show higher expression in the NSCLC group than the benign pulmonary nodule group, and 13 ratios of miRNAs were significantly upregulated in the NSCLC group compared with the pulmonary inflammation diseases group. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed. For NSCLC and benign pulmonary nodules, the sensitivity and specificity were 0.70 and 0.90, respectively. For NSCLC and pulmonary inflammation diseases, the sensitivity and specificity were 0.81 and 0.71, respectively.

CONCLUSION: The ratios of miRNAs can be used as potential non-invasive biomarkers for diagnosis of early-stage NSCLC and benign pulmonary diseases.

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