MGIT and other methods for diagnosing tuberculosis in a private hospital system with low incidence

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is still a threat to public health; in 2014 caused 1.5 million deaths worldwide; in hospitals where the prevalence of TB is low, it is appropriate to evaluate the effectiveness of tests to diagnose it.

Methods: We reviewed reports of airway clinical specimens sent for studies of tuberculosis to the microbiology laboratory from Tec Salud System private hospitals (400 beds) in the metropolitan area of ​​Monterrey, NL, from May 2012 to December 2015. In conjunction with Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) stain, and solid Lowenstein-Jensen medium (LJ), our laboratory resources also include fluorescent LED microscopy (Carl Zeiss Microscopy Products), MGIT 320 (Mycobacteria Growth Indicator Tube liquid culture detection system, Becton Dickinson), and recently incorporated a real-time PCR system the Xpert MTB/RIF test (Cepheid, Sunnyvale, CA).

Results: In 731 respiratory specimens from 510 patients, M. tuberculosis was isolated from 78 samples belonging to 50 patients on LJ and MGIT LJ 42 (84%) and MGIT 49, (98%) of the samples. From 41 patients identified, 26 (63.4%) were positive to fluorescein, and 25 (60.9%) with Ziehl-Neelsen stain. Real time PCR (Xpert TB) was positive in 13 out of 17 patient-airway samples (76.4%).

Conclusions: Usefulness of liquid culture (MGIT) and solid culture (LJ) is shown; the first can significantly cut incubation times.