Expression of miR-100 as a novel ancillary non-invasive biomarker for early detection of bladder carcinoma.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the expression of microribonucleic acid-100 in bladder cancer patients and to evaluate its association with clinicopathological parameters.

METHODS: This cross-sectional case-control study was conducted at Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre Karachi and Civil Hospital Karachi from January to December 2014. Serum samples from patients having bladder carcinoma were collected, and divided into three equal groups. All the study participants were briefed about the study objectives, its outcomes, sample collection technique and their written consent was obtained. Serum samples of bladder carcinoma and healthy control subjects were divided into four equal groups. Group I included patients with papillary urothelial carcinoma of low malignant potential, group II had patients with papillary urothelial carcinoma low grade, and group III had patients with papillary urothelial carcinoma high grade. Group IV comprised healthy controls. From the serum samples, total ribonucleic acid were extracted, followed by micro ribonucleic acid extraction. The complementary deoxyribonucleic acid was synthesised and samples were further processed for real time polymerase chain reaction using the specifically designed primers of micro ribonucleic acid-100.Statistical analysis was done by SPSS 21.

RESULTS: There were 240 subjects with 60(25%) in each of the four groups. Micro ribonucleic acid-100expression was decreased in all the three patient groups compared to the control group. A significant correlation was found between the expression of micro ribonucleic acid-100 with microscopic haematuria, cytology, cystoscopy and staging (p<0.05 each). No correlation was found between the expression and age, gender, gross haematuria and smoking (p>0.05 each).

CONCLUSIONS: Micro ribonucleic acid-100was down-regulated in urothelial cancer patients with significant correlation with microscopic haematuria, cytology, cystoscopy and staging.