Plasma concentrations of dasatinib have a clinical impact on the frequency of dasatinib dose reduction and interruption in chronic myeloid leukemia: an analysis of the DARIA 01 study.

BACKGROUND: Dasatinib has shown promising anti-leukemic activity against chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). However, patients receiving dasatinib frequently require dose reductions and treatment interruptions (treatment alteration).

METHODS: We prospectively analyzed the frequency and significance of treatment alteration during dasatinib therapy in patients with CML. In all patients, trough plasma concentrations of dasatinib (Cmin ) at steady state were assessed on day 28 of therapy.

RESULTS: 28% of patients had their doses reduced at a median of 42 days, and 25% of patients had temporarily interrupted at a median of 54 days after treatment initiation. The overall dasatinib treatment alteration-free rate at 1 year was 66%. Age was significantly correlated with Cmin on day 28 (p = 0.014), and the correlation remained significant after adjusting dasatinib dose (g), body weight (kg) (Cmin /D/W) (p = 0.026). In the univariate analysis, deep molecular response, advanced PS, higher Cmin /D/W were associated with a significantly higher risk of treatment alteration (HR 4.19, 95% CI: 1.06-16.60, p = 0.041; HR 5.26, 95% CI: 1.33-20.80, p = 0.018; and HR 10.15, 95% CI: 2.55-40.48, p = 0.001, respectively). In the multivariate analysis, advanced PS and higher Cmin /D/W were correlated with the incidence of treatment alteration (HR 4.78, 95% CI: 1.01-22.70, p = 0.049; HR 6.17, 95% CI: 1.17-32.50, respectively).

CONCLUSION: Current data demonstrate that patients treated with dasatinib who displayed a high Cmin /D/W value and/or advanced PS were at a high risk for altered treatment.