[Pathophysiology of pain and its clinical application].

The article describes the pathophysiology of both acute and chronic pain. Some common mechanisms of chronic pain, including somatic and visceral pains, are highlighted. There are also some painful syndromes and their pathophysiological mechanisms with a direct relationship to their treatment. In addition to the basic pharmacotherapeutic options resulting from the pathophysiology of pain, new possibilities of pain therapy are also mentioned, especially the neuromodulatory and neurostimulatory methods again from the point of view of pathophysiological principles. Therapies also include psychotherapy and placebo effect with the point of evidence-based medicine.