Three-Dimensional Analysis of Internal Adaptations of Crowns Cast from Resin Patterns Fabricated Using Computer-Aided Design/Computer-Assisted Manufacturing Technologies.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the internal adaptations of cast crowns made from resin patterns produced using three different computer-aided design/computer-assisted manufacturing technologies.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: A full-crown abutment made of zirconia was digitized using an intraoral scanner, and the design of the crown was finished on the digital model. Resin patterns were fabricated using a fused deposition modeling (FDM) 3D printer (LT group), a digital light projection (DLP) 3D printer (EV group), or a five-axis milling machine (ZT group). All patterns were cast in cobalt-chromium alloy crowns. Crowns made from traditional handmade wax patterns (HM group) were used as controls. Each group contained 10 samples. The internal gaps of the patterns were analyzed using a 3D replica method and optical digitization. The results were compared using Kruskal-Wallis analysis of variance (ANOVA), a one-sample t test, and signed rank test (α = .05).

RESULTS: For the LT group, the marginal and axial gaps were significantly larger than in the other three groups (P < .05), but the occlusal adaptation did not reveal a significant difference (P > .05). In the ZT group, the axial gap was slightly smaller than in the HM group (P < .0083). All the means of gaps in all areas in the four groups were less than 150 μm.

CONCLUSION: Casting crowns using casting patterns made from all three CAD/CAM systems could not produce the prescribed parameters, but the crowns showed clinically acceptable internal adaptations.