[Reclusion and physical restraint in psychiatry: Influencing factors and alternatives.]

Introduction and context: The use of reclusion and restraint is neither a recent practice nor a rare practice in psychiatric services. In France, the Controller General of Places of Deprivation of Liberty reported certain drifts in 2015. Since then, the public authorities have sought to frame this practice with the aim of limiting its use.

OBJECTIVE AND METHOD: The purpose of this study is to examine how, through a literature review, the topic of limitation of constraint measures and the definition of a future direction of research is discussed.

RESULTS: It appears that health professionals seek to identify the cultural, social, and environmental characteristics of patients undergoing these restraint measures. However, they also question their approaches, both ethically, environmentally, organizationally, or through caregiving.

CONCLUSION: Co-ordination within the multidisciplinary team is mentioned but little discussed in this literature review. The place given to the role of nursing seems to be questionable, in terms of its specific approach, its expertise, and its field of action, and must be the subject of a new study.