Fenugreek, diabetes, and periodontal disease: A cross-link of sorts!

Aims: The aim of this study was to observe the sequelae of fenugreek adjunctive to nonsurgical periodontal therapy and its comparison to a group treated with scaling and root planing (SRP) and metformin alone by assessing their respective effects on periodontal parameters, glycemic status, and serum lipid levels.

Materials and Methods: The study comprised eighty patients who were further divided into two groups. Each group consisted of 40 patients. Group 1 consisted of uncontrolled noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) patients with chronic generalized periodontitis, who received SRP and treatment with metformin. Group 2 consisted of uncontrolled NIDDM with chronic generalized periodontitis, who received SRP and metformin plus fenugreek powder. Periodontal parameters such as gingival index, plaque index, bleeding on probing, pocket depth, and clinical attachment levels were evaluated before treatment and 1 month after nonsurgical periodontal therapy. The values of low-density lipoprotein (LDL), triglycerides, total cholesterol (TC), and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were assessed by collecting the blood samples before treatment and 1 month after treatment.

Results: There was a statistically significant change in all the parameters seen clinically in both the groups. The glycemic status also showed a statistically significant reduction for fasting blood sugar ( P < 0.001) on intragroup comparison. Intragroup comparison shows a statistically significant reduction ( P < 0.001) for serum lipids, whereas intergroup comparison showed a statistically significant reduction after treatment only in TC and LDL levels ( P < 0.02 and <0.012).

Conclusion: This study shows that fenugreek powder can be used adjunctive to SRP to control the glycemic status and serum lipid levels in uncontrolled NIDDM patients.