Surface Modification of Graphene Nanoparticles by Acid Treatment and Grinding Process.

Surface modification is necessary to decrease graphene's (GN) stacking process and increase its advantageous properties. In this study, the effects of acid treatment and grinding processes on the structural integrity of GN have been studied. Morphological and structural characteristics of modified GN were investigated by field emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, gas Pycnometer, particle size analyzer, X-ray diffractometer, UV-Vis spectroscopy and thermal conductivity measurement system which expose some strong evidences of the effects of purification and grinding process on GN nanoparticles in order to get GN based better nanofluid dispersed in water which gives 1.66% and 3.38% enhancement of thermal conductivity at 20 °C and at 40 °C respectively compared to that of DW in this experiment.