Measuring Quality for Individual Anesthesia Clinicians.

A robust quality management system (QMS) will provide value to patients, providers, and hospitals or systems by focusing on system performance. The QMS must remain independent of provider-specific measures used for privileging. Some outcome measures may be used to assess system performance; they must not be used to assess individual provider performance. All anesthesia providers, especially leaders, must be guardians of an organization's safety culture.